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1.  
[VAS-AHGS-2020] Which one of the following is called as the tallest Gopura in South Asia?

Correct Answer: C [Arulmighu Aranganathar temple Gopura]

Notes:

The Rajagopuram of the Sri Ranganathaswamy temple at Srirangam (about 73 m, 13 tiers) is the tallest temple tower in South Asia.

2.  
[VAS-AHGS-2020] Which of the following councils assisted the Sangam rulers?

Correct Answer: B [Aimperum Kuzhu and Enperayam]

Notes:

Sangam kings were assisted by the Aimperum Kuzhu (five great assemblies) and the Enperayam (eight great groups). Sabha–Samiti are Vedic, the Ashtadiggajas belong to Vijayanagara and the Ashtapradhan to the Marathas.

3.  
[ARGS-2020] ________, the Moorish traveller, wrote about the condition of Tamil Nadu during Muhammad bin Tughlaq's rule.

Correct Answer: A [Ibn Battuta]

Notes:

Ibn Battuta of Morocco visited India under Muhammad bin Tughlaq and also wrote about the Madurai Sultanate.

4.  
[ARGS-2020] Who was the Roman writer who made reference about the Pandyan kingdom in Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: B [Strabo]

Notes:

Strabo records the embassy sent by a Pandyan king to Augustus Caesar. (As per the TNPSC answer key.)

5.  
[PTGS-2021] Which book describes the marriage customs of the Sangam age people?

Correct Answer: C [Akananuru]

Notes:

Akananuru is an anthology of akam (love and domestic life) poems and describes Sangam-age marriage customs.

6.  
[AHGS-2021] Traditionally, the land of Tamils is presented as containing 5 major physiographic divisions. Match the following:
(a) Kurinji – 1. Fertile region
(b) Mullai – 2. Forest region
(c) Marudham – 3. Coastal region
(d) Neidhal – 4. Mountainous region

Correct Answer: D [4 2 1 3]

Notes:

Kurinji – hills, Mullai – forest, Marudham – fertile farmland, Neidhal – coast. The fifth, Palai, is arid land.

7.  
[ADGS-2021] Analyse the following statements:
A: The Eighth World Tamil Conference was held in 1995 at Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu.
B: This conference is specially known as the Tamil classical conference.

Correct Answer: C [A correct and B wrong]

Notes:

The 8th World Tamil Conference was held at Thanjavur in 1995. The World Classical Tamil Conference was held at Coimbatore in 2010.

8.  
[PSHY-2022] During the Sangam period, Kopperundevi, wife of Ariyappadai Kadandha Nedunjeliyan, died the moment her husband died. It was called ________.

Correct Answer: D [The Arakarpu]

Notes:

Kopperundevi's death on her husband's death is celebrated as Arakarpu (Silappathikaram). (As per the TNPSC answer key.)

9.  
[VCGS-2022] ________ was a unit of measuring gold in the Sangam age.

Correct Answer: B [Kalanju]

Notes:

Kalanju measured gold; Veli measured land and Marakkal measured grain.

10.  
[VCGS-2022] ________ Naligais were there for a day during the Sangam age.

Correct Answer: D [Sixty]

Notes:

One day = 60 naligais; one naligai = 24 minutes.

11.  
[VCGS-2022] ________ was considered to be the brave entertainment of the Sangam society.

Correct Answer: A [Erutaluvudal]

Notes:

Erutaluvudal (today's Jallikattu) was the heroic bull-embracing sport of the Mullai region, described in Kalithogai.

12.  
[VCGS-2022] How were the village artisans called in medieval South India?

Correct Answer: A [Ayagars]

Notes:

Ayagars were the village servants and artisans (Vijayanagara period); Mirasidars and Zamindars were landholders.

13.  
[TNPSC-2022] Arrange the following stages of women in order:
1. Mangai 2. Arivai 3. Madanthai 4. Therivai

Correct Answer: B [1 3 2 4]

Notes:

The seven stages: Pedhai, Pedhumbai, Mangai, Madanthai, Arivai, Therivai, Perilampen. So Mangai → Madanthai → Arivai → Therivai.

14.  
[Surveyor/Draftsman-2022] Ancient Tamil people were involved in ________ occupation next to agriculture.

Correct Answer: B [Trading]

Notes:

Next to agriculture, trade was the main occupation, with overseas trade through Muziris, Tondi, Korkai and Puhar. (As per the TNPSC answer key.)

15.  
[Surveyor/Draftsman-2022] ________, a foreign account, called Muziris the "First Emporium of India".

Correct Answer: A [Natural History]

Notes:

Pliny's Natural History calls Muziris 'primum emporium Indiae' – the first emporium of India.

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