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1.  
Before being made full-time Governor of Tamil Nadu, Arlekar was Governor of which State?

Correct Answer: B [Keralam]

Notes:

He was Governor of Keralam and held additional charge of Tamil Nadu from March 2026. He was Bihar's Governor in 2023–25.

2.  
Which constitutional amendment allowed one person to be Governor of two or more States?

Correct Answer: D [7th Amendment (1956)]

Notes:

The 7th Amendment (1956), which accompanied the reorganisation of States, added this to Article 153.

3.  
Who administers the oath of office to a State Governor?

Correct Answer: C [Chief Justice of the State High Court]

Notes:

Article 159 – the High Court Chief Justice, or failing him the senior-most judge. The Chief Justice of India swears in the President.

4.  
What minimum age does the Constitution prescribe for appointment as Governor?

Correct Answer: A [35 years]

Notes:

Article 157 – an Indian citizen who has completed 35 years. Rajya Sabha member – 30; Lok Sabha – 25.

5.  
Who was the first woman Governor of Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: B [M. Fathima Beevi]

Notes:

M. Fathima Beevi (1997–2001), also the Supreme Court's first woman judge. Sarojini Naidu was India's first woman Governor (Uttar Pradesh, 1947).

6.  
Who was appointed Governor of Karnataka in Oct 2026?

Correct Answer: D [Dr Sudha Yadav]

Notes:

Sudha Yadav succeeds Thaawarchand Gehlot. Dushyant Gautam – Sikkim; Dhal Singh Bisen – Uttarakhand; Mathur – Keralam.

7.  
Which Article vests the executive power of a State in the Governor?

Correct Answer: A [Article 154]

Notes:

Article 154. 163 – ministerial advice; 200 – assent to Bills; 213 – ordinances.

8.  
Which Article gives the Governor the power to grant pardons and remit sentences?

Correct Answer: B [Article 161]

Notes:

Article 161 – the Governor; Article 72 – the President (who can also pardon a death sentence). 356 – President's Rule in a State.

9.  
Which commission was set up in 1983 to examine Centre–State relations, including the Governor's office?

Correct Answer: C [Sarkaria Commission]

Notes:

Sarkaria Commission (1983–88, Justice R.S. Sarkaria). Punchhi – 2007; Rajamannar – 1969, Tamil Nadu government; Kothari – education (1964–66).

10.  
Who was India's first woman Chief Election Commissioner and later Karnataka's first woman Governor?

Correct Answer: A [V.S. Ramadevi]

Notes:

V.S. Ramadevi – CEC (1990), Governor of Karnataka (1999–2002); Sudha Yadav is Karnataka's second woman Governor.

11.  
Which company makes the CERVAVAC vaccine?

Correct Answer: C [Serum Institute of India, Pune]

Notes:

Serum Institute, Pune – with DBT/BIRAC support. Bharat Biotech makes Covaxin.

12.  
CERVAVAC protects against which HPV types?

Correct Answer: B [6, 11, 16, 18]

Notes:

Quadrivalent: 16 and 18 are high cancer-risk types; 6 and 11 cause warts.

13.  
What did the WHO grant CERVAVAC in Oct 2026?

Correct Answer: D [Prequalification]

Notes:

Prequalification (5 Oct 2026) lets UN agencies such as UNICEF and GAVI procure it.

14.  
Who won the 2008 Medicine Nobel for linking HPV to cervical cancer?

Correct Answer: A [Harald zur Hausen]

Notes:

Harald zur Hausen (Germany), 2008; Montagnier and Barré-Sinoussi shared it that year for discovering HIV. Karikó – mRNA (2023).

15.  
Who founded the Cancer Institute, Adyar, Chennai (1954)?

Correct Answer: C [Dr Muthulakshmi Reddy]

Notes:

Dr Muthulakshmi Reddy, India's first woman legislator (1927). Dr V. Shanta later chaired it; Ida Scudder founded CMC Vellore.

16.  
At which institution is the Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre located?

Correct Answer: D [IIT Madras]

Notes:

IIT Madras – started in 2022 and dedicated to the nation by the PM on 11 Oct 2026. NIMHANS is a partner.

17.  
Which is described as the world's first 3D atlas of a stroke-affected brain?

Correct Answer: A [C-STROKE]

Notes:

C-STROKE (Oct 2026). DHARANI (2024) is the foetal-brain atlas; ANCHOR (2026) is the brainstem atlas.

18.  
Where is the 'Param Shakti' supercomputer, used to process C-STROKE data, located?

Correct Answer: B [IIT Kharagpur]

Notes:

IIT Kharagpur, under the National Supercomputing Mission (2015). India's first supercomputer was PARAM 8000 (1991, C-DAC).

19.  
Which part of the brain controls the body's balance?

Correct Answer: C [Cerebellum]

Notes:

The cerebellum handles balance and coordination. Medulla – heartbeat and breathing; hypothalamus – body temperature and hunger.

20.  
IIT Madras was founded in 1959 with the help of which country?

Correct Answer: D [West Germany]

Notes:

West Germany. IIT Bombay – Soviet Union; IIT Kanpur – USA; IIT Delhi – Britain.

21.  
Which shipyard built INS Mangrol?

Correct Answer: B [Cochin Shipyard]

Notes:

Cochin Shipyard builds the eight Mahe-class craft; GRSE builds the eight Arnala-class craft.

22.  
Mangrol port, after which the ship is named, is in which State?

Correct Answer: A [Gujarat]

Notes:

Gujarat – Junagadh district, Saurashtra coast. 'Mahe' is part of Puducherry, on the Kerala coast.

23.  
In ASW-SWC, what does 'ASW' stand for?

Correct Answer: C [Anti-Submarine Warfare]

Notes:

Anti-Submarine Warfare – Shallow Water Craft.

24.  
Where is the headquarters of the Indian Navy's Western Naval Command?

Correct Answer: D [Mumbai]

Notes:

Mumbai. Eastern – Visakhapatnam; Southern – Kochi. Karwar hosts the 'Project Seabird' naval base.

25.  
Which ship of the same type was commissioned at Chennai Port in Feb 2026?

Correct Answer: C [INS Anjadip]

Notes:

INS Anjadip – 27 Feb 2026, Chennai. Arnala was the first ASW-SWC (June 2025); Malvan – Kochi (July 2026).

26.  
In which specialty did Dr Ruth John Paul complete her MD?

Correct Answer: D [Emergency Medicine]

Notes:

Emergency Medicine at ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad; she now works at ESI Hospital, Sanathnagar.

27.  
Dr Ruth John Paul is from which State?

Correct Answer: A [Telangana]

Notes:

Telangana – Khammam district. She became a government doctor at Osmania Hospital in 2022.

28.  
Which Supreme Court judgment recognised transgender persons as the 'third gender'?

Correct Answer: B [NALSA (2014)]

Notes:

NALSA v. Union of India (2014). Navtej – read down IPC 377; Puttaswamy – privacy; Vishaka – workplace sexual harassment.

29.  
In which year was the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act passed?

Correct Answer: C [2019]

Notes:

2019 – bans discrimination, creates a National Council. 2014 was the NALSA judgment.

30.  
Which State was the first in India to set up a Transgender Welfare Board?

Correct Answer: D [Tamil Nadu]

Notes:

Tamil Nadu – 2008 (Aravani Welfare Board); 15 April is Transgender Day. K. Prithika Yashini – first transgender Sub-Inspector (2017).

31.  
Which body issued the Global Seasonal Climate Update on Pacific warmth in Oct 2026?

Correct Answer: A [World Meteorological Organization (WMO)]

Notes:

WMO – Geneva, a UN specialised agency. IPCC produces climate assessment reports (set up by WMO and UNEP in 1988).

32.  
Where is the 'Niño 3.4' region used to track El Niño?

Correct Answer: C [Central-eastern equatorial Pacific]

Notes:

The equatorial Pacific (5°N–5°S, 170°W–120°W). The 2026 forecast is +3.7°C.

33.  
What does the Spanish term 'El Niño' mean?

Correct Answer: B [The boy / Christ child]

Notes:

'The boy / Christ child' – Peruvian fishermen noticed it around Christmas. 'La Niña' means 'the little girl' (cold phase).

34.  
On which date is World Meteorological Day observed?

Correct Answer: D [23 March]

Notes:

23 March, when the WMO Convention came into force in 1950. 5 June – Environment; 16 Sept – Ozone; 22 April – Earth Day.

35.  
Which monsoon brings Tamil Nadu most of its rainfall?

Correct Answer: C [Northeast monsoon]

Notes:

The northeast monsoon (Oct–Dec), about half of the State's annual rain. Tamil Nadu lies in the rain-shadow during the southwest monsoon.

36.  
In which city was the Lancet Commission report on 21st-century health threats released?

Correct Answer: D [Berlin]

Notes:

The World Health Summit in Berlin, 11 Oct 2026. The World Health Assembly is the WHO's decision-making body (Geneva).

37.  
Which two threats did the Lancet Commission flag as able to end humanity in extreme scenarios?

Correct Answer: A [Malicious AI use and nuclear war]

Notes:

Malicious AI use and nuclear war – but the likelihood is 'low', and no probability figure is given.

38.  
What does the 'DALY' measure combine?

Correct Answer: B [Years lost to early death + years lived with disability]

Notes:

DALY = YLL + YLD; one DALY is one lost year of healthy life. The Commission's estimates use DALYs.

39.  
Who founded the medical journal 'The Lancet' in 1823?

Correct Answer: C [Thomas Wakley]

Notes:

Thomas Wakley, a surgeon. Jenner – smallpox vaccine; Lister – antiseptic surgery; Ross – malaria (1902 Nobel).

40.  
Kudankulam, India's largest nuclear power plant, was built with which country's cooperation?

Correct Answer: D [Russia]

Notes:

Russia – VVER reactors, in Tirunelveli district. Kalpakkam has IGCAR and the fast breeder reactor.

41.  
The 'KONKAN' naval exercise is held between India and which country?

Correct Answer: B [United Kingdom]

Notes:

The UK – since 2004. France – 'Varuna'; USA – 'Malabar' (multilateral); Japan – 'JIMEX'.

42.  
At which UK port is KONKAN-26 being held?

Correct Answer: C [Plymouth]

Notes:

Plymouth, Devon, on the English Channel; 8–15 Oct 2026.

43.  
INS Trishul belongs to which class of warship?

Correct Answer: A [Talwar class]

Notes:

A Talwar-class stealth frigate built at Russia's Baltiysky Zavod and commissioned in 2003. Shivalik and Nilgiri are Indian-built classes.

44.  
Which British aircraft carrier exercised with an Indian carrier in KONKAN 2025?

Correct Answer: D [HMS Prince of Wales]

Notes:

HMS Prince of Wales – first joint carrier-group drill with INS Vikrant (Oct 2025). HMS Hermes later became INS Viraat.

45.  
Which is the joint exercise between the Indian and British armies?

Correct Answer: C [Ajeya Warrior]

Notes:

Ajeya Warrior – India–UK armies. Yudh Abhyas – USA; Shakti – France; Mitra Shakti – Sri Lanka.

46.  
Which grade of the Legion of Honour was conferred on Sunil Bharti Mittal?

Correct Answer: D [Chevalier]

Notes:

Chevalier (Knight), the first of five grades. The highest is Grand-Croix.

47.  
Who founded France's Legion of Honour?

Correct Answer: A [Napoleon Bonaparte]

Notes:

Napoleon Bonaparte, in 1802. De Gaulle founded the Fifth Republic (1958).

48.  
Where is the headquarters of the International Solar Alliance, launched by India and France in 2015?

Correct Answer: B [Gurugram]

Notes:

Gurugram (Haryana) – the first treaty-based international body headquartered in India. It was announced at COP21 in Paris.

49.  
In which year did Sunil Bharti Mittal receive the Padma Bhushan?

Correct Answer: C [2007]

Notes:

2007. He got an honorary KBE from the UK in 2024 and France's Legion of Honour in 2026.

50.  
In which year was Puducherry transferred to India de jure?

Correct Answer: D [1962]

Notes:

16 Aug 1962 de jure; the de facto transfer was 1 Nov 1954. It became a Union Territory by the 14th Amendment (1962).

51.  
The GI-tagged 'Mohanthal' prasad is linked to which temple?

Correct Answer: C [Ambaji temple]

Notes:

Ambaji – Banaskantha, Arasur hills; one of the 51 Shakti Peethas. Somnath is the first of the 12 Jyotirlingas.

52.  
Ambaji temple is in which district of Gujarat?

Correct Answer: A [Banaskantha]

Notes:

Banaskantha, near the Rajasthan border and Mount Abu. Pavagadh is in Panchmahal.

53.  
In which year was India's Geographical Indications Act enacted?

Correct Answer: D [1999]

Notes:

Enacted in 1999 and in force from Sept 2003; a registration lasts 10 years.

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