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1.  
Tamil Nadu's 'TN-KET' (Kasanoi Erappila Thittam) mainly aims at –

Correct Answer: C [Reducing TB deaths]

Notes:

Since April 2022 – it triages severely ill patients at diagnosis and admits them to hospital to prevent deaths.

2.  
In 2020, the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) was renamed as –

Correct Answer: A [National TB Elimination Prog.]

Notes:

National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP). Ni-kshay Poshan (2018) gives patients nutrition support – ₹1,000 a month since 2024.

3.  
Where are the 5th Asian Para Games (Oct 2026) being held?

Correct Answer: A [Aichi–Nagoya, Japan]

Notes:

Aichi–Nagoya (18–24 Oct); motto 'Imagine One Heart', mascot 'Uzumin'. The 2026 Asian Games were held in the same cities.

4.  
Where is the headquarters of the Asian Paralympic Committee (APC)?

Correct Answer: D [Dubai]

Notes:

Dubai (UAE). The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) is headquartered in Bonn, Germany.

5.  
Which city hosted the first Asian Para Games?

Correct Answer: C [Guangzhou]

Notes:

Guangzhou, China (2010). At Hangzhou (2022 edition) India posted its best-ever haul of 111 medals.

6.  
Salem's Paralympian Mariyappan Thangavelu is famous in which event?

Correct Answer: A [High jump]

Notes:

High jump (T63) – Rio 2016 gold, Tokyo silver, Paris bronze; Padma Shri (2017) and Khel Ratna (2020) awardee.

7.  
Tamil Nadu's Thulasimathi Murugesan, part of India's squad, plays which sport?

Correct Answer: A [Para badminton]

Notes:

Para badminton (SU5) – Paris 2024 silver. Tamil Nadu's Manisha Ramadass won bronze in the same class.

8.  
Under which Act was the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) established?

Correct Answer: C [FSS Act, 2006]

Notes:

FSS Act 2006; the Authority was set up in 2008 under the Health Ministry, HQ New Delhi. The Act replaced the 1954 Prevention of Food Adulteration Act.

9.  
Nestle's 'Resource Renal' powder, which drew an FSSAI notice, is meant for the dietary management of which patients?

Correct Answer: B [Chronic kidney disease]

Notes:

'Renal' means relating to the kidney. Such special medical-purpose foods need FSSAI prior approval under the 2022 regulations.

10.  
What is the colour of the mandatory dot that marks non-vegetarian food on Indian food labels?

Correct Answer: A [Brown]

Notes:

FSS (Labelling and Display) Regulations 2020: brown for non-veg, green for veg. The Nestle product lacked this symbol.

11.  
Who is appointed by each State Government to enforce the food safety law at the State level?

Correct Answer: A [Commissioner of Food Safety]

Notes:

Section 30 of the FSS Act – State Commissioner of Food Safety. Tamil Nadu topped India with 2,865 criminal convictions from 2021–22 to 2025–26 (Lok Sabha, July 2026).

12.  
The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA), which acts against misleading ads, was set up under which Act?

Correct Answer: D [Consumer Protection Act, 2019]

Notes:

Section 10 of CPA 2019 – CCPA set up on 24 July 2020. Guidelines for Prevention of Misleading Advertisements – 2022.

13.  
As per the Supreme Court ruling of 15 Oct 2026, who cannot claim the BC (Muslim) quota in Tamil Nadu on the basis of former caste?

Correct Answer: C [Converts to Islam]

Notes:

The bench of Justices P.K. Mishra and Shree Chandrashekhar upheld the quashing of G.O. No. 31 (2024); the 3.5% quota itself continues.

14.  
Tamil Nadu's 3.5% BC (Muslim) internal quota is carved out of which category's share?

Correct Answer: D [Backward Classes (BC)]

Notes:

BC 30% = BC 26.5% + BC(M) 3.5%, under the 2007 Act. MBC/DNC have a separate 20%.

15.  
Under the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, persons of which religions alone can be deemed Scheduled Castes?

Correct Answer: A [Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist]

Notes:

Originally Hindus only; Sikhs were added in 1956 and Buddhists in 1990. The order was cited in this ruling too.

16.  
Which 1992 Supreme Court judgment affirmed the 50% ceiling on reservation and the 'creamy layer' exclusion?

Correct Answer: D [Indra Sawhney]

Notes:

Indra Sawhney (Mandal case) – nine-judge bench. Hence Tamil Nadu's 69% Act was put in the Ninth Schedule by the 76th Amendment (1994).

17.  
Which Madras State case led to the First Amendment (1951) that inserted Article 15(4)?

Correct Answer: A [Champakam Dorairajan]

Notes:

After the communal G.O. was struck down in 1951, Periyar and others agitated; the Nehru government added Article 15(4).

18.  
In its 15 Oct 2026 ruling, the Supreme Court held internet access a fundamental right under Article 21 read with which Article?

Correct Answer: B [Article 19(1)(a)]

Notes:

19(1)(a) – freedom of speech and expression. Bench of Justices J.B. Pardiwala and K. Vinod Chandran; it rejected blanket age-based bans.

19.  
Which High Court, in the 'Faheema Shirin' case (2019), held that internet access is part of the right to education?

Correct Answer: B [Kerala High Court]

Notes:

A student's challenge to a hostel mobile-phone ban. Anuradha Bhasin (2020) – speech and trade via internet protected under 19(1)(a) and (g).

20.  
Under the DPDP Act, 2023, what is mandatory for processing a child's personal data?

Correct Answer: C [Verifiable parental consent]

Notes:

Under the DPDP Act a person below 18 is a 'child'; targeted ads and tracking of children are barred. Oversight – Data Protection Board of India.

21.  
Section 79, which gives 'safe harbour' to online intermediaries, belongs to which Act?

Correct Answer: B [IT Act, 2000]

Notes:

In its 23 Sept 2024 judgment the Supreme Court said platforms ignoring POCSO duties lose Section 79 protection. IT Rules 2021 lay down intermediary guidelines.

22.  
Which Chief Minister launched the Tamil Nadu School Education Department's 'Kalvi Tholaikkatchi' in 2019?

Correct Answer: A [Edappadi K. Palaniswami]

Notes:

Launched on 26 Aug 2019 for Classes 1–12, with SCERT content.

23.  
FSSAI's added-sugar draft (Oct 2026) amends which regulations?

Correct Answer: C [Infant Nutrition Regs, 2020]

Notes:

FSS (Foods for Infant Nutrition) Regulations 2020, Reg. 3(6); draft gazetted on 16 Oct 2026; 60-day comment period.

24.  
On hydrolysis, sucrose yields which monosaccharides?

Correct Answer: B [Glucose + fructose]

Notes:

Glucose + galactose = lactose (milk sugar); glucose + glucose = maltose. Fructose is the sweetest natural sugar.

25.  
Which Indian law bans the advertising and promotion of infant milk substitutes and feeding bottles?

Correct Answer: C [IMS Act, 1992]

Notes:

IMS Act 1992 (amended 2003) – based on WHO's 1981 International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.

26.  
The Union Health Ministry's 'MAA' (Mothers' Absolute Affection) programme (2016) promotes –

Correct Answer: D [Breastfeeding]

Notes:

A national programme to promote breastfeeding (Aug 2016). WHO and UNICEF advise exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months; World Breastfeeding Week – 1–7 Aug.

27.  
In August 2015, at which public places did the Tamil Nadu government open 352 breastfeeding rooms?

Correct Answer: D [Bus stands]

Notes:

Opened by CM Jayalalithaa on 3 Aug 2015; 7 human milk banks in government hospitals were launched the same day.

28.  
Acetamiprid and imidacloprid, for which FSSAI proposed residue limits in tea, belong to which class of insecticides?

Correct Answer: B [Neonicotinoids]

Notes:

Neonicotinoids – chemically similar to nicotine. Because they harm bees, the EU banned outdoor use of three of them in 2018.

29.  
Neonicotinoid insecticides mainly attack which system of insects?

Correct Answer: D [Nervous system]

Notes:

Nervous system – they bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and paralyse the insect; they are systemic, spreading inside the plant.

30.  
The CIB&RC, which registers pesticides in India, functions under which Act?

Correct Answer: C [Insecticides Act, 1968]

Notes:

Insecticides Act, 1968 – CIB&RC is under the Agriculture Ministry, at Faridabad. It approved both chemicals for use on tea in Jan 2026.

31.  
Where is the headquarters of the Tea Board of India, set up under the Tea Act, 1953?

Correct Answer: C [Kolkata]

Notes:

Kolkata – under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Its South India office is at Coonoor.

32.  
Where in Tamil Nadu is the UPASI Tea Research Institute located?

Correct Answer: D [Valparai]

Notes:

Valparai (Coimbatore district). UPASI (1893) itself is headquartered at Coonoor.

33.  
Which body approves States' housing projects under PMAY-U 2.0?

Correct Answer: C [CSMC]

Notes:

The Central Sanctioning and Monitoring Committee (CSMC), chaired by the MoHUA Secretary. Its 10th meeting on 16 Oct 2026 approved 1.93 lakh houses.

34.  
Which Union Ministry implements Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban?

Correct Answer: B [Housing and Urban Affairs]

Notes:

The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). PMAY-Gramin is under the Ministry of Rural Development.

35.  
What does the 'ARH' vertical of PMAY-U 2.0 stand for?

Correct Answer: A [Affordable Rental Housing]

Notes:

Affordable Rental Housing – for migrant workers, students and working women. The other verticals are BLC, AHP and ISS.

36.  
In whose name are PMAY-Urban houses preferably registered?

Correct Answer: D [Woman (sole or joint)]

Notes:

In a woman's sole or joint name – 97% (20.16 lakh) of PMAY-U 2.0 houses are allotted to women.

37.  
What is the aim of Tamil Nadu's 'Kalaignar Kanavu Illam' scheme?

Correct Answer: B [Concrete houses for rural huts]

Notes:

Concrete houses replacing rural huts – target 8 lakh houses by 2030; announced in the 2024–25 Budget.

38.  
In which city was Maharashtra's first 'Annapurti Grain ATM' opened?

Correct Answer: A [Nashik]

Notes:

Nashik (Nashik Road) – the next two will be at Nagpur and Thane. Nashik lies on the Godavari.

39.  
Which UN agency helped develop the Annapurti grain ATM?

Correct Answer: C [World Food Programme (WFP)]

Notes:

The World Food Programme (WFP) – HQ Rome; it won the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize.

40.  
India's first 24-hour 'Annapurti' grain ATM was installed in which State?

Correct Answer: B [Odisha]

Notes:

Odisha – at a fair price shop in Bhubaneswar, 9 Aug 2024. It dispenses up to 50 kg in 5 minutes.

41.  
Which was the first State to set up a Civil Supplies Corporation for the PDS?

Correct Answer: C [Tamil Nadu]

Notes:

Tamil Nadu – TNCSC, 1972. Tamil Nadu follows a Universal PDS covering all card-holders.

42.  
Which law entitles up to 75% of rural and 50% of urban people to subsidised food grains?

Correct Answer: C [National Food Security Act]

Notes:

The National Food Security Act, 2013. Free grain under PMGKAY has been extended to 2028.

43.  
What will NASA's 'PUFFINS' mission, led by Ramya Anche, study?

Correct Answer: A [Interstellar dust]

Notes:

Interstellar dust – it will measure the polarisation of UV light from about 70 stars; launch targeted for 2030.

44.  
Under which NASA programme was the PUFFINS mission selected?

Correct Answer: A [Astrophysics Pioneers]

Notes:

Pioneers (2020) – small missions under a $20 million cap. Artemis is the programme to return humans to the Moon.

45.  
Why must ultraviolet (UV) astronomy be done from space rather than from the ground?

Correct Answer: D [Ozone layer absorbs UV]

Notes:

The ozone layer absorbs most UV radiation. India's AstroSat (2015) carries the UVIT ultraviolet telescope.

46.  
Where in Tamil Nadu is the Indian Institute of Astrophysics' 'Vainu Bappu Observatory'?

Correct Answer: B [Kavalur]

Notes:

Kavalur, Javadhu Hills (Tirupattur district). Kodaikanal has IIA's Solar Observatory (1899); Ooty a TIFR radio telescope; Mahendragiri ISRO's propulsion complex.

47.  
Which infrared space telescope, a NASA–ESA–Canada project, was launched in 2021?

Correct Answer: B [James Webb]

Notes:

James Webb (JWST) – 25 Dec 2021. Hubble (1990) observes UV and visible light; Chandra observes X-rays.

48.  
Raji Doshi's 'ALKACORE', which won the 2026 3M Young Scientist Challenge, tackles which problem?

Correct Answer: D [Ocean acidification]

Notes:

Ocean acidification – macroalgae plus aragonite raise alkalinity and remove CO₂. The prize is $25,000.

49.  
Ocean acidification is mainly caused by the sea absorbing which gas from the atmosphere?

Correct Answer: A [Carbon dioxide]

Notes:

Carbon dioxide – with water it forms weak carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), lowering pH; average pH has fallen from about 8.2 to 8.1.

50.  
During coral bleaching, corals expel which symbiotic organisms living in their tissues?

Correct Answer: C [Zooxanthellae algae]

Notes:

Zooxanthellae – photosynthetic algae that give corals food and colour; ocean warming is the main trigger of bleaching.

51.  
Which compound forms coral and shell skeletons and also the aragonite used in ALKACORE?

Correct Answer: A [Calcium carbonate]

Notes:

Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) – aragonite and calcite are its crystal forms. Limestone and marble are also CaCO₃.

52.  
The coral-rich Gulf of Mannar lies between India and which country?

Correct Answer: B [Sri Lanka]

Notes:

Sri Lanka – the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve (1989) was the first marine biosphere reserve in South and South-East Asia; home to the dugong.

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