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1.  
Why did the social reformers of the first half of the 18th century fail to create a movement?
(i) Social conditions were not suitable
(ii) No other class supported them
(iii) They criticised idolatry

Correct Answer: A [(i) and (ii)]

Notes:

Unfavourable social conditions and lack of support from other classes prevented early reformers from forming a movement. [ADGS 2021]

2.  
Match the following:
Social Reform – Reformers
(a) Abolition of Sati – 1. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(b) Temple Entry for Dalits – 2. Thanthai Periyar
(c) Widow Remarriage Act – 3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(d) Self-Respect Movement against untouchability – 4. Ambedkar

Correct Answer: A [3 4 1 2]

Notes:

Sati abolition–Ram Mohan Roy; widow remarriage–Vidyasagar; Self-Respect–Periyar; temple entry–Ambedkar. [PTGS 2021]

3.  
Iyothee Thass founded which of the following?

Correct Answer: C [Advaitananda Sabha]

Notes:

Iyothee Thass founded the Advaitananda Sabha in the Nilgiris in 1870. [PTGS 2021]

4.  
The Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Sangam was founded by

Correct Answer: D [Ramalinga Adigal]

Notes:

Ramalinga Adigal (Vallalar) founded the Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Sangam in 1865. [Group 1 2021]

5.  
Which of the following statements are true about Ramalinga Adigal?
(i) He started the Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Sathya Sangam in 1865
(ii) He was against the caste system
(iii) He established the Sathya Dharma Salai in 1867

Correct Answer: C [(i), (ii) and (iii) are true]

Notes:

Ramalinga Adigal founded the Sanmarga Sangam (1865), the Sathya Dharma Salai (1867), and opposed caste. [Group 1 2021]

6.  
Which of the following are correctly paired?
1. Nizhal Thangals – Vaikunda Swamigal
2. Hindu Progressive Improvement Society – Raja Ram Mohan Roy
3. Samarasa Sanmarga Sangam – Vallalar
4. Self-Respect Morality – Vedanayagam Pillai

Correct Answer: A [1 and 3]

Notes:

Nizhal Thangals–Vaikunda Swamigal and Samarasa Sanmarga Sangam–Vallalar are the correct pairs. [Group 1 2021]

7.  
Revolutionary movements are mainly based on

Correct Answer: A [Reorganisation of society]

Notes:

Revolutionary movements aim at a complete reorganisation of society. [Executive Officer Gr. III (HR&CE) 2022]

8.  
Which of the following is/are true?
(i) Reformation may be identified with partial changes in the value system and consequential changes in the quality of relationships.
(ii) Transformative changes are characterized with radical changes in the total system.

Correct Answer: A [(i) only]

Notes:

Reform brings partial change in values; radical change of the whole system marks revolutionary movements. [Group 2 2022]

9.  
Who was the founder of 'Dravida Mahajana Sabha'?

Correct Answer: B [Iyothee Thass Pandithar]

Notes:

Iyothee Thass Pandithar founded the Dravida Mahajana Sabha in 1891. [Executive Officer Gr. III (HR&CE) 2022]

10.  
Who is popularly known as "Vallalar"?

Correct Answer: C [Ramalinga Adigal]

Notes:

Ramalinga Adigal is popularly known as Vallalar. [Executive Officer Gr. III (HR&CE) 2022]

11.  
The famous song,
"Here comes a war without sword, without blood
All those who believe in the eternity of Truth, join" was composed by

Correct Answer: A [V. Ramalingam Pillai]

Notes:

'Kathiyindri Raththamindri' was written by Namakkal Kavignar V. Ramalingam Pillai. [VCGS 2022]

12.  
_____ showed his compassion and mercy on all living beings including plants.

Correct Answer: A [Ramalinga Adigal]

Notes:

Ramalinga Adigal showed compassion to all living beings, including plants. [SD 2022]

13.  
Who was considered to be the first social reformer to appear in modern Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: B [Vaikunda Swamigal]

Notes:

Vaikunda Swamigal is regarded as the first social reformer of modern Tamil Nadu. [Reporter 2022]

14.  
Who is the author of the book "Social Movements in India"?

Correct Answer: B [M.S.A. Rao]

Notes:

'Social Movements in India' is by sociologist M.S.A. Rao. [District Educational Officer 2023]

15.  
Which of the following is/are true with reference to the impact of social movements?
(i) Social movements attempt to negotiate with the State, Market and Civil Society.
(ii) The outcome of the movement could be seen in terms of social, political and economic change but not structural change.
(iii) The State has the power to formulate new policies or modify existing public policy as per the demands of the social movements.

Correct Answer: C [(i) and (iii) only]

Notes:

Social movements negotiate with the State, which can make or change policies to meet their demands. [District Educational Officer 2023]

16.  
The preliminary stage in the formation of a social movement is related to

Correct Answer: B [Unrest Stage]

Notes:

The preliminary stage of a social movement is the unrest stage. [District Educational Officer 2023]

17.  
Resistance movements mainly focus on

Correct Answer: D [Resisting change]

Notes:

Resistance movements mainly aim to resist change. [Asst. Conservator of Forests 2023]

18.  
Social movement is one of the major forms of _____

Correct Answer: A [Collective Behaviour]

Notes:

A social movement is a major form of collective behaviour. [Library Service 2023]

19.  
Match the following:
Movement – Reformers
(a) Brahmo Samaj – 1. C. Natesanar
(b) SNDP – 2. E.V. Ramasamy
(c) Justice Party – 3. Sri Narayana Guru
(d) Self-Respect Movement – 4. Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Correct Answer: B [4 3 1 2]

Notes:

Brahmo Samaj–Ram Mohan Roy; SNDP–Narayana Guru; Justice Party–Natesanar; Self-Respect–E.V. Ramasamy. [Junior Scientific Officer 2023]

20.  
Revolutionary movement mainly focuses on

Correct Answer: A [Adoption of new models]

Notes:

A revolutionary movement focuses on adopting new models of society. [Junior Scientific Officer 2023]

21.  
Which of the following statements are true about M.S.A. Rao?
(i) He was a prominent Indian sociologist.
(ii) He pointed out that social movements include two characteristics: collective action and orientation towards social change.
(iii) He started a social reform movement called the "Non-Brahmin Movement".

Correct Answer: C [(i) and (ii) only]

Notes:

M.S.A. Rao said social movements involve collective action oriented towards social change. [Junior Scientific Officer 2023]

22.  
Which of the following statements about Iyothee Thass Pandithar are true?
(i) He founded the Adi Dravida Mahajana Sabha
(ii) He established the Sakya Buddhist Society
(iii) He joined the Servants of Untouchables Society
(iv) He published the 'Oru Paisa Tamilan' newspaper

Correct Answer: C [(ii) and (iv)]

Notes:

Iyothee Thass founded the Sakya Buddhist Society and published 'Oru Paisa Tamilan'. [Junior Scientific Officer 2023]

23.  
(i) The study of the SNDP and the Yadava movements illustrates the emergence of large ethnic blocs on the basis of ideology through political mobilisation.
(ii) These movements had well-defined ideology on the basis of identity.
Which of the statements is / are true?

Correct Answer: C [(i) and (ii)]

Notes:

M.S.A. Rao's study of the SNDP and Yadava movements shows identity-based political mobilisation. [Geology Service 2023]

24.  
_____ is a reshaping or reforming of culturally accepted laws and norms in light of new cultural paradigms that occur over time.

Correct Answer: C [Social Reforms]

Notes:

Social reform reshapes accepted laws and norms in the light of new cultural ideas. [CTS (Non-Interview Posts) 2024]

25.  
Which of the following statements are true about Ramalinga Adigal?
(i) He said that the mind should be united (with God) without musical instruments.
(ii) He started night schools for farmers.
(iii) He said that through human charity one should get full benefit in life and be one with God.

Correct Answer: B [(i) and (iii) only]

Notes:

Ramalinga Adigal taught that service to all living beings leads to union with God. [Group 4 2025]

? All 601 questions with full explanations and tables – PDF book ₹149: www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/tnpsc-tamil-nadu-administration-pyq

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