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1. Statements: All coins are notes. Some notes are cards.
Conclusions: I. Some coins are cards. II. All cards are notes.
Directions (Q 13–27): Each question has some statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they seem to differ from known facts. Decide which conclusion(s) logically follow.
A) Only I follows B) Only II follows C) Either I or II follows D) Neither I nor II follows E) Both I and II follow
Conclusions: I. Some coins are cards. II. All cards are notes.
Correct Answer: D [Neither I nor II follows]
Explanation:
I: All + Some – no definite link between coins and cards.
2.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Some banks are loans. No loan is a bond.
Conclusions: I. Some banks are not bonds. II. No bank is a bond.
Statements: Some banks are loans. No loan is a bond.
Conclusions: I. Some banks are not bonds. II. No bank is a bond.
Correct Answer: A [Only I follows]
Explanation:
Some + No = Some-not: the banks that are loans are not bonds.
3.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Some cups are jars. Some jars are pots.
Conclusions: I. Some cups are pots. II. No cup is a pot.
Statements: Some cups are jars. Some jars are pots.
Conclusions: I. Some cups are pots. II. No cup is a pot.
Correct Answer: C [Either I or II follows]
Explanation:
Some + Some: no definite link.
4.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: No desk is a chair. All chairs are stools.
Conclusions: I. Some stools are not desks. II. All desks being stools is a possibility.
Statements: No desk is a chair. All chairs are stools.
Conclusions: I. Some stools are not desks. II. All desks being stools is a possibility.
Correct Answer: E [Both I and II follow]
Explanation:
I: the stools that are chairs are not desks.
5.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Only a few roads are lanes. All lanes are streets.
Conclusions: I. Some roads are streets. II. All roads are lanes.
Statements: Only a few roads are lanes. All lanes are streets.
Conclusions: I. Some roads are streets. II. All roads are lanes.
Correct Answer: A [Only I follows]
Explanation:
I: the roads that are lanes are streets.
6.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: All rings are metals. No metal is a wood.
Conclusions: I. No ring is a wood. II. Some woods being rings is a possibility.
Statements: All rings are metals. No metal is a wood.
Conclusions: I. No ring is a wood. II. Some woods being rings is a possibility.
Correct Answer: A [Only I follows]
Explanation:
All + No = No: rings inside metals, metals outside woods.
7.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Some apples are mangoes. All mangoes are grapes.
Conclusions: I. Some apples are grapes. II. All grapes being apples is a possibility.
Statements: Some apples are mangoes. All mangoes are grapes.
Conclusions: I. Some apples are grapes. II. All grapes being apples is a possibility.
Correct Answer: E [Both I and II follow]
Explanation:
I: the apples that are mangoes are grapes.
8.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: All doors are windows. Some windows are not walls.
Conclusions: I. Some doors are not walls. II. All doors being walls is a possibility.
Statements: All doors are windows. Some windows are not walls.
Conclusions: I. Some doors are not walls. II. All doors being walls is a possibility.
Correct Answer: B [Only II follows]
Explanation:
I: the windows outside walls need not be doors – not definite.
9.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: No tiger is a lion. No lion is a bear.
Conclusions: I. No tiger is a bear. II. Some tigers are bears.
Statements: No tiger is a lion. No lion is a bear.
Conclusions: I. No tiger is a bear. II. Some tigers are bears.
Correct Answer: C [Either I or II follows]
Explanation:
No + No gives nothing definite; "Some" and "No" on tigers–bears form a complementary pair.
10.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Only a few books are novels. No novel is a poem.
Conclusions: I. Some books are not poems. II. Some books being poems is a possibility.
Statements: Only a few books are novels. No novel is a poem.
Conclusions: I. Some books are not poems. II. Some books being poems is a possibility.
Correct Answer: E [Both I and II follow]
Explanation:
I: books that are novels are not poems.
11.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Some kites are toys. All toys are gifts.
Conclusions: I. All kites are gifts. II. Some gifts are kites.
Statements: Some kites are toys. All toys are gifts.
Conclusions: I. All kites are gifts. II. Some gifts are kites.
Correct Answer: B [Only II follows]
Explanation:
Some + All = Some: some kites are gifts → some gifts are kites.
12.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: All shirts are pants. Some shirts are caps.
Conclusions: I. Some pants are caps. II. No cap being a pant is a possibility.
Statements: All shirts are pants. Some shirts are caps.
Conclusions: I. Some pants are caps. II. No cap being a pant is a possibility.
Correct Answer: A [Only I follows]
Explanation:
Shirts that are caps are pants, so some pants are caps (definite); hence "No cap is a pant" is impossible.
13.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: Some fans are lights. No light is a bulb. All bulbs are lamps.
Conclusions: I. Some fans are not bulbs. II. Some lamps are not lights.
Statements: Some fans are lights. No light is a bulb. All bulbs are lamps.
Conclusions: I. Some fans are not bulbs. II. Some lamps are not lights.
Correct Answer: E [Both I and II follow]
Explanation:
I: fans that are lights are not bulbs.
14.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: No rose is a thorn. Some thorns are stems.
Conclusions: I. Some roses are not stems. II. All stems being roses is a possibility.
Statements: No rose is a thorn. Some thorns are stems.
Conclusions: I. Some roses are not stems. II. All stems being roses is a possibility.
Correct Answer: D [Neither I nor II follows]
Explanation:
I: roses may all be stems – not definite.
15.
(Use the directions above – Syllogism, Q 13–27)
Statements: All taps are pipes. All pipes are tubes.
Conclusions: I. All tubes being taps is a possibility. II. Some taps are not tubes.
Statements: All taps are pipes. All pipes are tubes.
Conclusions: I. All tubes being taps is a possibility. II. Some taps are not tubes.
Correct Answer: A [Only I follows]
Explanation:
All + All: taps ⊂ pipes ⊂ tubes.
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