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1.  
True or false? "In a statement–assumption question, an assumption must be written in the statement in so many words."

Correct Answer: C [False]

Explanation:

An assumption is unstated – it is taken for granted, not written.

2.  
Fill in the blank: a conclusion follows only if it is ____ true on the basis of the statement.

Correct Answer: D [definitely]

Explanation:

A conclusion must be forced by the statement – definitely true.

3.  
Statement: "Call our helpline for any problem with your new washing machine." – a company notice. Which of these is implicit?

Correct Answer: B [Customers may face problems with the machine and can reach the helpline.]

Explanation:

The notice makes sense only if problems may arise and the helpline can be reached; the others are extreme or unrelated.

4.  
Statement: "Every branch of the bank in the city stays open till 6 p.m., and the Park Road office is a branch of the bank in the city." Which conclusion follows?

Correct Answer: A [The Park Road office stays open till 6 p.m.]

Explanation:

'Every branch' covers the Park Road office; the others add new facts.

5.  
Statement: "Water is leaking from a main pipe and flooding the road." Which course of action follows?

Correct Answer: B [The water board should repair the pipe at once.]

Explanation:

Repair is practical and removes the problem; the others are irrelevant or extreme.

6.  
"Should helmets be compulsory for riders of two-wheelers?" Which argument is strong?

Correct Answer: D [Yes, helmets reduce head injuries in accidents.]

Explanation:

Safety is serious and directly related (SIR); the others are trivial or personal taste.

7.  
Match the item type with its test: (i) assumption (ii) conclusion (iii) course of action (iv) argument ; (p) is it practical and does it address the problem? (q) is it taken for granted? (r) does it definitely follow? (s) is it important and directly related?

Correct Answer: A [i-q, ii-r, iii-p, iv-s]

Explanation:

Assumption – taken for granted; conclusion – definitely follows; course of action – practical fix; argument – important and related.

8.  
I. The power supply in the area failed for six hours. II. Shops in the area could not use their freezers for those six hours. Which is true?

Correct Answer: A [I is the cause and II is its effect]

Explanation:

The power failure came first and stopped the freezers.

9.  
Odd one out – which is NOT a sign of a weak argument?

Correct Answer: A [It is important and directly related to the question.]

Explanation:

Importance and direct relation make an argument strong; the other three make it weak.

10.  
A passage says: "At least 30 of the 40 trainees passed the final test." The inference "At least one trainee passed the test" is …

Correct Answer: C [Definitely true]

Explanation:

30 or more passed, so at least one passed – forced by the passage.

11.  
Claim: "Planting trees along the road will lower the summer temperature on the road." Which option strengthens the claim?

Correct Answer: B [Shade from roadside trees has been measured to lower road-surface temperature.]

Explanation:

Evidence that shade lowers the temperature fills the gap between 'trees' and 'cooler road'.

12.  
A student marked conclusion II as following for: "Some employees of the firm work from home." II. "No employee of the firm works in the office." What is the error?

Correct Answer: D ['Some work from home' says nothing about the rest, so II does not follow.]

Explanation:

'Some' is not 'all'; the statement is silent about the others.

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