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1.  

Directions (Q 28–32): Read the passage and grade each inference: A – definitely true; B – probably true; C – data inadequate; D – probably false; E – definitely false.
A small food-processing unit in a district town began exporting packaged millet snacks two years ago. In its first year of exports it sold mainly to buyers in two Gulf countries. Last year it added buyers in Europe, and its export income was double that of the year before. The unit employs 40 workers, almost all of them from nearby villages, and buys millets directly from local farmer groups. Its owner says that the main obstacle to further growth is the high cost of testing every batch for the quality certificates that European buyers demand.

The unit's export income last year was double that of the year before.

Correct Answer: A [Definitely true]

Explanation:

Definitely true: stated in the passage.

2.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 28–32)
The unit bought more millets from local farmer groups last year than in the year before.

Correct Answer: B [Probably true]

Explanation:

Probably true: export income doubled, so production – and millet purchases – very likely rose; not stated.

3.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 28–32)
The unit earns a higher profit on its European sales than on its Gulf sales.

Correct Answer: C [Data inadequate]

Explanation:

Data inadequate: the passage says nothing about profit by market.

4.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 28–32)
The unit's owner wants to stop exporting.

Correct Answer: D [Probably false]

Explanation:

Probably false: he speaks of obstacles to further growth – he wants to grow; not stated outright.

5.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 28–32)
None of the unit's workers comes from nearby villages.

Correct Answer: E [Definitely false]

Explanation:

Definitely false: almost all of them come from nearby villages.

6.  
Argument: "The town should build a second bus stand on the highway side, because most buses that enter the town are long-distance buses that only pass through." Which option most strengthens the argument?

Correct Answer: E [Long-distance buses now spend about 30 minutes in town traffic to reach the present bus stand.]

Explanation:

It shows the cost of making through-buses enter the town – the gap the new stand fills.

7.  
Argument: "Online classes can fully replace classroom teaching for science students." Which option most weakens the argument?

Correct Answer: A [Science students need hands-on laboratory work that cannot be done online.]

Explanation:

It shows a part of science teaching online classes cannot replace; three options support the claim and one is irrelevant.

8.  
Argument: "The company should give its staff a five-day week; this will raise the staff's weekly output." Which is an assumption of the argument?

Correct Answer: C [After two days of rest, staff will work faster on each working day than they do now.]

Explanation:

The missing link: five days can beat six only if each day's work becomes faster – negate it and the argument collapses.

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