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1.  
In the last three years the number of digital payment transactions in a town has grown every year, while the number of cash withdrawals from ATMs in the town has fallen every year. Which conclusion is best supported?

Correct Answer: D [Residents of the town now pay digitally for some purchases they earlier paid for in cash.]

Explanation:

It explains both trends and goes no further; the others are extreme, predictions or new topics.

2.  
Argument: "A city that adds more cycle tracks will see fewer short car trips." Which option most strengthens the argument?

Correct Answer: B [In cities that added cycle tracks, surveys found that many people shifted short trips from cars to cycles.]

Explanation:

Evidence from similar cases fills the gap between 'more tracks' and 'fewer car trips'.

3.  
Argument: "School attendance in the town rose this year because of the new free-lunch scheme." Which option most weakens the argument?

Correct Answer: A [The free-lunch scheme began only in the last week of the school year.]

Explanation:

It shows the reason did not apply – a scheme that began in the last week cannot explain a rise over the whole year.

4.  
Argument: "Since the new highway cuts the travel time between the two cities by half, transport companies will move more goods by road between them." Which is an assumption of the argument?

Correct Answer: E [Travel time is an important factor in how transport companies choose a route.]

Explanation:

Without it, a shorter time would not change the companies' choice; the others are extreme or irrelevant.

5.  
"Although the town's new bus service carries more passengers every month, its monthly loss keeps growing." Which option best explains this?

Correct Answer: B [The service charges a fixed fare that is lower than its cost of carrying each passenger.]

Explanation:

It makes both facts true together – each extra passenger adds to the loss.

6.  

Directions (Q 41–45): Read the passage and grade each inference: A – definitely true; B – probably true; C – data inadequate; D – probably false; E – definitely false.
In a village, 60 farmers installed solar-powered water pumps last year under a district scheme that paid half the cost of each pump. Before this, all of them used diesel pumps. Farmers who switched say that their monthly spending on fuel has fallen to almost nothing, though some complain that the pumps work poorly on cloudy days. The district plans to extend the scheme to five more villages next year if funds are released.

Before last year, the 60 farmers used diesel pumps.

Correct Answer: A [Definitely true]

Explanation:

Definitely true: stated – all of them used diesel pumps before.

7.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 41–45)
The farmers' total spending on running their water pumps has come down after the switch.

Correct Answer: B [Probably true]

Explanation:

Probably true: fuel spending fell to almost nothing and half the pump cost was paid; total cost is not stated, so only probable.

8.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 41–45)
The solar pumps were made in the same state.

Correct Answer: C [Data inadequate]

Explanation:

Data inadequate: the passage says nothing about where the pumps were made.

9.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 41–45)
On the whole, the farmers who switched are unhappy with the solar pumps.

Correct Answer: D [Probably false]

Explanation:

Probably false: they report large savings; only some complain about cloudy days.

10.  
(Use the directions above – Logical Reasoning – Statements, Assumptions and Ar, Q 41–45)
The district scheme paid the full cost of each solar pump.

Correct Answer: E [Definitely false]

Explanation:

Definitely false: it paid half the cost.

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