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1.  
Stretch – What is the network address of 192.168.40.150 with subnet mask 255.255.255.224?

Correct Answer: B [192.168.40.128]

Explanation:

150 = 10010110; 224 = 11100000; AND = 10000000 = 128 → 192.168.40.128.

2.  
A bank links its 12 regional offices in a full mesh. How many links are needed?

Correct Answer: D [66]

Explanation:

12 × 11 / 2 = 66.

3.  
A /22 network can have how many usable host addresses?

Correct Answer: E [1022]

Explanation:

2¹⁰ − 2 = 1022.

4.  
Stretch – A branch needs at least 50 usable host addresses in one subnet with as few spare addresses as possible. Which prefix should it use?

Correct Answer: A [/26]

Explanation:

/27 gives only 30; /26 gives 62 ≥ 50; /25 (126) wastes more.

5.  
Consider the following statements:
I. A switch works at the Data link layer and forwards frames using MAC addresses.
II. SMTP uses port 110.
III. IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long and written in hexadecimal groups separated by colons.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: D [Only I and III]

Explanation:

I true; II false – SMTP uses 25 (110 is POP3); III true.

6.  
A full-mesh network has 36 links. How many nodes does it have?

Correct Answer: C [9]

Explanation:

n(n − 1)/2 = 36 → n(n − 1) = 72 = 9 × 8 → n = 9.

7.  
Which of the following works at the Network layer of the OSI model?

Correct Answer: D [Router]

Explanation:

A router forwards packets by IP address (layer 3); hub, repeater and modem work at layer 1; a cable is a medium.

8.  
Which of the following addresses is a valid IPv4 address that can be given to a host?

Correct Answer: A [172.18.4.20]

Explanation:

Four octets, each 0–255: only 172.18.4.20.

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