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1.  
Decimal 156 in hexadecimal is:

Correct Answer: B [9C]

Explanation:

156 ÷ 16 = 9 r 12 (C) → 9C.

2.  
Decimal 87 in octal is:

Correct Answer: A [127]

Explanation:

87 ÷ 8 = 10 r 7; 10 ÷ 8 = 1 r 2; 1 → 127.

3.  
101110101₂ in octal is:

Correct Answer: E [565]

Explanation:

101 110 101 → 5 6 5.

4.  
11101011₂ in hexadecimal is:

Correct Answer: D [EB]

Explanation:

1110 1011 → E B.

5.  
A5₁₆ in octal is:

Correct Answer: C [245]

Explanation:

A5 = 1010 0101 → 010 100 101 → 245.

6.  
110111₂ + 101101₂ = ?

Correct Answer: E [1100100]

Explanation:

55 + 45 = 100 = 1100100.

7.  
110010₂ − 10111₂ = ?

Correct Answer: B [11011]

Explanation:

50 − 23 = 27 = 11011.

8.  
The 8-bit 2's complement of 01101100 is:

Correct Answer: C [10010100]

Explanation:

Copy till the first 1 from the right (100), flip the rest: 10010100.

9.  
The range of an 8-bit number in 2's complement form is:

Correct Answer: D [−128 to +127]

Explanation:

−2⁷ to 2⁷ − 1.

10.  
Decimal 47 in BCD (8421) is:

Correct Answer: A [0100 0111]

Explanation:

Code each digit: 4 = 0100, 7 = 0111.

11.  
The ASCII value of lower-case 'd' is:

Correct Answer: E [100]

Explanation:

'a' = 97 → 'd' = 100. (Upper-case 'D' = 68.)

12.  
A = 1, B = 1, C = 0. What is the output of (A AND B) NOR C?

Correct Answer: B [0]

Explanation:

A AND B = 1; 1 NOR 0 = NOT(1 OR 0) = 0.

13.  
Which gate outputs 1 when its two inputs are equal?

Correct Answer: A [XNOR]

Explanation:

XNOR is the equality detector.

14.  
By De Morgan's theorem, (A + B)' equals:

Correct Answer: D [A'·B']

Explanation:

Break the bar, change the sign: (A + B)' = A'·B'.

15.  
How many rows does the truth table of a 4-input gate have?

Correct Answer: C [16]

Explanation:

2ⁿ rows: 2⁴ = 16.

16.  
Match the number with its decimal value:
List I: (a) 1101₂; (b) 21₈; (c) 1C₁₆; (d) 100₁₆
List II: (1) 256; (2) 13; (3) 28; (4) 17

Correct Answer: D [a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1]

Explanation:

1101₂ = 13; 21₈ = 17; 1C₁₆ = 28; 100₁₆ = 256.

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