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1.  
Which malware spreads across a network by copying itself, without needing a host file?

Correct Answer: D [Worm]

Explanation:

A worm self-replicates; a virus needs a host file.

2.  
Malware that records every key pressed by the user is a:

Correct Answer: A [Keylogger]

Explanation:

A keylogger captures keystrokes such as passwords.

3.  
A phone call from a person pretending to be a bank officer and asking for the OTP is:

Correct Answer: C [Vishing]

Explanation:

Voice + phishing = vishing.

4.  
Software that keeps showing unwanted advertisements on a user's screen is called:

Correct Answer: B [Adware]

Explanation:

Adware shows ads; a rootkit hides deep in the system; a worm spreads; a keylogger records keys.

5.  
What does the 'I' in the CIA triad of security stand for?

Correct Answer: A [Integrity]

Explanation:

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability.

6.  
OTP stands for:

Correct Answer: C [One-Time Password]

Explanation:

A code valid for one use and a short time.

7.  
In encryption, the scrambled, unreadable form of a message is called:

Correct Answer: D [ciphertext]

Explanation:

Plaintext → (encrypt) → ciphertext.

8.  
Which malware pretends to be useful software but harms the computer in the background?

Correct Answer: B [Trojan horse]

Explanation:

The Trojan horse is named for its disguise.

9.  
A fingerprint used to unlock a banking app is an example of which factor?

Correct Answer: A [something you are]

Explanation:

Biometrics = something you are.

10.  
CAPTCHA is used to:

Correct Answer: B [tell human users apart from automated bots]

Explanation:

Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart.

11.  
Unwanted bulk e-mail messages are called:

Correct Answer: C [spam]

Explanation:

Spam = unwanted bulk mail.

12.  
Which of the following is an asymmetric (public-key) algorithm?

Correct Answer: D [RSA]

Explanation:

RSA uses a key pair; AES and DES are symmetric; MD5 is a hash.

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