Indian History PYQ – Marathas

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Indian History PYQ – Marathas – 24 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  
VAS AHGS – 2020
Who was responsible for the security of the village under the Marathas in South India?

Correct Answer: D [Patil]

Explanation:

Under the Marathas the village patil was the chief village officer responsible for revenue, order and security.

2.  
ADGS – 2021
What is the meaning of 'Maval'?

Correct Answer: C [Sunset-land]

Explanation:

Maval means the sunset land, the western hilly belt of Poona district along the Sahyadris.

3.  
GROUP 4 – 2022
Identify the wrong statement from the following.

Correct Answer: C [Shivaji's soldiers plundered Surat in 1665]

Explanation:

Shivaji plundered Surat in 1664 (and again in 1670), not 1665, which was the year of the Treaty of Purandar.

4.  
CAGS – 2022
Assertion (A): Chauth and Sardesh mukhi were the important sources of Maratha state Revenue.
Reason (R): Chauth was a charge of 25% of the land Revenue of the area which was claimed by the Marathas as a price for offering their protection against foreign aggression. Sardesh Mukhi was a charge equal to 1/10 of the land revenue.

Correct Answer: B [Both (A) and (R) are true (R) is the correct explanation of (A)]

Explanation:

Chauth (25% of land revenue) and Sardeshmukhi were major Maratha revenue sources, and chauth was claimed as the price for protection, so the reason explains the assertion.

5.  
PSY – 2022
Which port on the Western coast was attacked and plundered by Shivaji in 1664?

Correct Answer: D [Surat]

Explanation:

Shivaji attacked and plundered the rich Mughal port of Surat in 1664.

6.  
VCGS – 2022
Which of the following generals, who was killed by the Maratha ruler Shivaji?

Correct Answer: A [Afzal khan]

Explanation:

Shivaji killed the Bijapur general Afzal Khan in 1659 at Pratapgarh.

7.  
JAILOR – 2022
Which among the following dynasties levied the tax known as "Chauth"?

Correct Answer: A [Marathas]

Explanation:

Chauth, a levy of one-fourth of revenue, was collected by the Marathas from neighbouring territories.

8.  
REPORTER – 2022
During the Maratha rule, the revenue of the state came mainly from

Correct Answer: A [Land]

Explanation:

Land revenue was the main source of income of the Maratha state.

9.  
HEALTH OFFICER – 2023
Who was the first Maratha king in Thanjavur?

Correct Answer: B [Venkoji]

Explanation:

Venkoji (Ekoji), Shivaji's half-brother, founded the Maratha rule at Thanjavur in 1676.

10.  
CSSS – 2023
Choose the correct pair from the following:

Correct Answer: B [Bhonsle – Nagpur]

Explanation:

Among the Maratha chiefs the Bhonsles ruled from Nagpur; Holkar was at Indore, Scindhia at Gwalior and the Peshwa at Pune.

11.  
CESGS – 2023
In the Ashtapradhan of Shivaji Cabinet Chief Justice was called as

Correct Answer: A [Nyayadhish]

Explanation:

In Shivaji's Ashtapradhan the chief justice was called Nyayadhish.

12.  
ACF – 2023
Arrange the successors of Shivaji in Chronological order
(i) Sahu – I
(ii) Shivaji – II
(iii) Raja Ram – I
(iv) Sambhaji
(v) Ram Raja

Correct Answer: A [(iv), (iii), (ii), (i), (v)]

Explanation:

The order of Shivaji's successors is Sambhaji, Rajaram I, Shivaji II, Sahu I and Ram Raja: (iv), (iii), (ii), (i), (v).

13.  
HOSTEL SUPERINTENDENT CUM PHYSICAL TRAINER – 2024
Treaty of Bassein was signed between Peshwa Baji Rao II and

Correct Answer: B [Wellesley]

Explanation:

The Treaty of Bassein (1802) was signed between Peshwa Baji Rao II and the British under Lord Wellesley, accepting the subsidiary alliance.

14.  
COMBINED ACCOUNTANT – TREASURY DEPT – 2024
From whom Shivaji Captured the Fort of Singhagad in 1670?

Correct Answer: B [Mughals]

Explanation:

Shivaji's general Tanaji Malusare recaptured Sinhagad (Kondana) in 1670 from the Mughals, to whom it had been ceded in 1665.

15.  
GROUP 4 – 2024
Match the following with their correct answers:
(a) Peshwa – 1. Secretary
(b) Shurnavis – 2. Chief Justice
(c) Nyayadhish – 3. High Priest
(d) Pandit Rao – 4. Prime Minister

Correct Answer: B [4 1 2 3]

Explanation:

In the Ashtapradhan the Peshwa was prime minister, Shurnavis secretary, Nyayadhish chief justice and Pandit Rao high priest: 4 1 2 3.

16.  
GROUP 1 – 2024
The second founder of the Maratha Kingdom was

Correct Answer: C [Balaji Viswanath]

Explanation:

Balaji Viswanath, who reorganised the Maratha state for Shahu and made the Peshwaship hereditary, is called the second founder of the Maratha kingdom.

17.  
COMBINED TECHNICAL (IV POST) – 2024
Who got the nickname "Father of Guerrilla warfare in India"?

Correct Answer: A [Shivaji]

Explanation:

Shivaji, master of hill-based surprise attacks (ganimi kava), is called the Father of Guerrilla warfare in India.

18.  
COMBINED TECHNICAL (NON IV POST) – 2024
In which year Shivaji took the title of 'Chatrapathi'?

Correct Answer: B [1674 A.D]

Explanation:

Shivaji was crowned at Raigad on 6 June 1674 and took the title Chhatrapati.

19.  
COMBINED TECHNICAL SERVICES (ITI POST) – 2024
Find out the correct statement in Maratha Sivaji Rule.

Correct Answer: C [The revenue administration of Sivaji was humane and beneficient to the cultivators.]

Explanation:

Shivaji's revenue administration was humane and beneficial to cultivators; the other statements are wrong.

20.  
GROUP 1B & 1C – 2024
Ram Das Samarth, the Guru of Shivaji taught the philosophy of

Correct Answer: A [Advaita Vedanta]

Explanation:

Samarth Ramdas, Shivaji's guru, taught a Rama devotion based on Advaita Vedanta.

21.  
SPECIAL COMPETITIVE – 2025
Choose the right matches among type.
  1. Mukhya pradhan – Prime Minister
  1. Summant – Commander-in-chief
  1. Nyayadhish – Chief Justice
  1. Sari Naubat – Foreign secretary

Correct Answer: A [1 and 3 are correct]

Explanation:

Mukhya Pradhan (Peshwa) was prime minister and Nyayadhish chief justice, while Sumant was foreign secretary and Sari Naubat the commander-in-chief.

22.  
GROUP 1 & 1A – 2025
Match the following:
(a) Peshwa – 1. Foreign Secretary
(b) Amatya – 2. Chief Minister
(c) Sachiva – 3. Finance Minister
(d) Sumant – 4. Superintendent

Correct Answer: C [2 3 4 1]

Explanation:

Peshwa was chief minister, Amatya finance minister, Sachiva superintendent and Sumant foreign secretary: 2 3 4 1.

23.  
GROUP 1 & 1A – 2025
Shivaji was crowned as an independent king at

Correct Answer: A [Raigad]

Explanation:

Shivaji was crowned independent king at Raigad (Raigarh), his capital, in 1674.

24.  
GROUP 2 & 2A MAINS – 2025
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the Treaty of Bassein (1802)?
(i) The Treaty of Bassein was signed between Peshwa Baji Rao II and the British.
(ii) Peshwa agreed to cede in perpetuity to the company territories yielding an income of 26 lakhs rupees.
(iii) Peshwa agreed to surrender the city of Surat to the company.

Correct Answer: D [(i), (ii) and (iii)]

Explanation:

By the Treaty of Bassein the Peshwa accepted the British subsidiary force, ceded territory yielding Rs 26 lakh and gave up claims over Surat, so all three statements are true.

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