SSC CGL Science – Human Body II: Nervous, Endocrine, Skeletal, Muscular & Reproductive Systems – Level 2 · Exam Level · Tier I Sprint

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SSC CGL Science – Human Body II: Nervous, Endocrine, Skeletal, Muscular & Reproductive Systems – Level 2 · Exam Level · Tier I Sprint – 18 questions, subject: General Science. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  
Diagram-basedIn the neuron shown, the part labelled R, which speeds up the impulse, is the:

Correct Answer: D [Myelin sheath]

Explanation:

R = the fatty segments wrapped around the axon = myelin sheath.

2.  
Diagram-basedIn the same neuron, the impulse is first received by the part labelled:

Correct Answer: A [P]

Explanation:

P = dendrites; impulse runs dendrite → cell body (Q) → axon → endings (S).

3.  
Match the followingMatch the hormone with the disorder of its deficiency:
P. Insulin Q. ADH R. Growth hormone (childhood) S. Thyroxine (childhood)
1. Diabetes insipidus 2. Cretinism 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. Dwarfism

Correct Answer: D [P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2]

Explanation:

Insulin – mellitus; ADH – insipidus; GH – dwarfism; thyroxine – cretinism.

4.  
Match the followingMatch the joint with its type:
P. Shoulder Q. Elbow R. Atlas–axis S. Skull sutures
1. Pivot 2. Ball and socket 3. Hinge 4. Fibrous (immovable)

Correct Answer: A [P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4]

Explanation:

Shoulder – ball and socket; elbow – hinge; atlas–axis – pivot; sutures – fibrous.

5.  
Assertion–ReasonAssertion (A): We pull our hand away from a hot plate even before we feel the pain.
Reason (R): Reflex actions are controlled by the spinal cord.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

The spinal cord sends the response at once; the message reaches the brain a moment later – R explains A.

6.  
After a head injury a person no longer feels normal hunger and thirst and cannot keep a steady body temperature. Which part of the brain is most likely damaged?

Correct Answer: C [Hypothalamus]

Explanation:

Hunger, thirst and body temperature = hypothalamus.

7.  
Odd one outOdd one out (by the gland that secretes it):

Correct Answer: B [Thyroxine]

Explanation:

GH, prolactin and TSH are anterior pituitary hormones; thyroxine is from the thyroid.

8.  
Two-quantity comparison
Quantity I: number of thoracic vertebrae
Quantity II: number of pairs of ribs

Correct Answer: C [Quantity I = Quantity II]

Explanation:

Both 12 – each pair of ribs joins a thoracic vertebra.

9.  
Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions such as blood pressure, salivation and vomiting?

Correct Answer: D [Medulla oblongata]

Explanation:

Answer: Medulla oblongata. Medulla – the 'must-do' list.

10.  
Spot My Mistake“ADH and oxytocin are made in the posterior pituitary.” The correct statement is:

Correct Answer: B [They are made in the hypothalamus and only released from the posterior pituitary]

Explanation:

Hypothalamic neurons make them; the posterior pituitary stores and releases them.

11.  
Reverse questionThe answer is “Thymus”. Which question does it answer?

Correct Answer: C [Which gland helps T-lymphocytes develop and shrinks in old age?]

Explanation:

Pineal, pituitary and pancreas answer the others.

12.  
Arrange in orderArrange the parts of a reflex arc in the order the impulse travels: Motor neuron, Receptor, Effector muscle, Spinal cord, Sensory neuron

Correct Answer: A [Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector muscle]

Explanation:

Receptor → sensory neuron → spinal cord → motor neuron → effector.

13.  
Fill in the blankThe adult human vertebral column has ______ vertebrae.

Correct Answer: C [26]

Explanation:

7 + 12 + 5 + 1 (sacrum) + 1 (coccyx) = 26.

14.  
Which hormone raises the calcium level in blood?

Correct Answer: B [Parathyroid hormone]

Explanation:

PTH raises blood Ca²⁺; calcitonin (thyroid) lowers it.

15.  
Arrange in orderThe ear ossicles, from outside to inside, are:

Correct Answer: A [Malleus, incus, stapes]

Explanation:

Answer: Malleus, incus, stapes. My Iron Shield: M → I → S.

16.  
Why is insulin given to diabetic patients by injection and not as a tablet?

Correct Answer: D [It is a protein and would be digested in the gut]

Explanation:

Protein hormones are broken down by digestive enzymes if swallowed.

17.  
Which gland's hormone makes the heart race and the breathing quicken when we are frightened?

Correct Answer: B [Adrenal gland]

Explanation:

Adrenal medulla – adrenaline, the fight-or-flight hormone.

18.  
Which hormone causes contraction of the uterus during childbirth and ejection of milk?

Correct Answer: A [Oxytocin]

Explanation:

Oxytocin – birth and milk ejection; prolactin – milk formation.

➤ Full notes, shortcuts and every answer explained – SSC CGL 2026 General Science book (₹149): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/ssc-cgl-general-science

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