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1.  
On which part of the Thanjavur Big Temple did the ASI recently launch conservation works?

Correct Answer: B [Upper rampart (wall)]

Explanation:

The upper rampart – damaged by plant roots and rainwater stagnation; estimate ₹59 lakh. Monuments are protected under the AMASR Act, 1958.

2.  
Which Chola ruler built the Brihadeeswarar Temple at Thanjavur?

Correct Answer: D [Rajaraja Chola I]

Explanation:

Rajaraja Chola I – completed in 1010 CE; architect Kunjara Mallan Raja Raja Perunthachan. His son Rajendra I built the Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple.

3.  
Which of the following is NOT part of UNESCO's 'Great Living Chola Temples'?

Correct Answer: A [Kampahareswarar, Thirubuvanam]

Explanation:

Kampahareswarar, Thirubuvanam, is a Chola temple but not in this group. Thanjavur was inscribed in 1987, the other two added in 2004.

4.  
Which festival, marking Rajaraja Chola I's birth, is celebrated at the Thanjavur Big Temple as a State Government function?

Correct Answer: D [Sathaya Vizha]

Explanation:

Sathaya Vizha – Sathayam star in Aippasi; a Tamil Nadu Government function since November 2022. Rajendra I's birth anniversary (Aadi Thiruvathirai) has also been declared a State function.

5.  
Who founded the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)?

Correct Answer: C [Alexander Cunningham]

Explanation:

Alexander Cunningham (1861) – 'Father of Indian Archaeology'. Harappa–Mohenjo-daro were excavated under Director-General John Marshall; ASI is now under the Ministry of Culture.

6.  
Organic palmyra jaggery powder from Erode district was recently exported for the first time to which country?

Correct Answer: A [Bulgaria]

Explanation:

Varna, Bulgaria – a Black Sea port city. Bulgaria became the 21st eurozone member on 1 Jan 2026.

7.  
APEDA functions under which Union Ministry?

Correct Answer: A [Commerce and Industry]

Explanation:

Ministry of Commerce & Industry (Dept of Commerce) – APEDA Act 1985. APEDA also runs the NPOP organic certification system used for exports.

8.  
What is the botanical name of the palmyra, the State tree of Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: C [Borassus flabellifer]

Explanation:

Borassus flabellifer. Cocos nucifera is coconut; Phoenix sylvestris the wild date palm; Areca catechu the areca nut palm.

9.  
'Udangudi Panangarupatti', which has a GI tag, belongs to which district of Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: D [Thoothukudi]

Explanation:

Thoothukudi district, Tiruchendur taluk – red sand-dune (theri) soil gives its taste. A GI registration under the 1999 Act is valid for 10 years.

10.  
What is the unfermented sweet sap tapped from the palmyra tree called?

Correct Answer: C [Pathaneer (neera)]

Explanation:

Pathaneer – lime coating in the pot stops fermentation; boiled, it gives karupatti. Fermented sap is toddy; nungu is the tender fruit's jelly.

11.  
Through which body is the 'WINDS' weather-data programme executed?

Correct Answer: B [MNCFC (Mahalanobis Centre)]

Explanation:

WINDS = Weather Information Network and Data System. Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre (MNCFC) – under the Union Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare; States install the sensors through private partners.

12.  
WINDS hyper-local weather data is mainly meant for computing claims under which scheme?

Correct Answer: A [PM Fasal Bima Yojana]

Explanation:

PMFBY (2016) – farmer premium: kharif 2%, rabi 1.5%, commercial/horticulture 5%. The WINDS portal was launched under PMFBY in July 2023.

13.  
What is cited as the main reason for the delay in installing automatic rain gauges under WINDS?

Correct Answer: D [Shortage of suitable land]

Explanation:

Land shortage – many proposed sites were rejected in several States; on IMD advice rooftop rain gauges were capped at 10–15% (Dec 2025).

14.  
Where is the IMD Regional Meteorological Centre serving Tamil Nadu located?

Correct Answer: C [Chennai]

Explanation:

Chennai (Nungambakkam). IMD – founded 1875; under the Ministry of Earth Sciences; HQ New Delhi; six regional centres.

15.  
Which instrument in an automatic weather station measures wind speed?

Correct Answer: D [Anemometer]

Explanation:

Anemometer. Barometer – atmospheric pressure; hygrometer – humidity; hydrometer – specific gravity of liquids.

16.  
Which institution confers the Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar?

Correct Answer: D [Sangeet Natak Akademi]

Explanation:

Sangeet Natak Akademi – since 2006, for artists under 40; 106 awardees for 2024–25. Lalit Kala covers fine arts; Sahitya, literature.

17.  
Ustad Bismillah Khan is associated with which musical instrument?

Correct Answer: B [Shehnai]

Explanation:

Shehnai – a reed wind instrument, akin to Tamil Nadu's nadaswaram. Sarod – Amjad Ali Khan; santoor – Shivkumar Sharma.

18.  
Who was the first Chairman of the Sangeet Natak Akademi?

Correct Answer: B [P. V. Rajamannar]

Explanation:

Dr P. V. Rajamannar – former Chief Justice of the Madras High Court. President Rajendra Prasad inaugurated the Akademi on 28 Jan 1953.

19.  
Who was the first musician to receive the Bharat Ratna?

Correct Answer: C [M. S. Subbulakshmi]

Explanation:

M. S. Subbulakshmi (Madurai) – 1998. Then Ravi Shankar (1999), Lata Mangeshkar and Bismillah Khan (2001). M.S. also won the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1974.

20.  
Which body confers the 'Kalaimamani' award on artists in Tamil Nadu?

Correct Answer: D [TN Eyal Isai Nataka Manram]

Explanation:

Tamil Nadu Eyal Isai Nataka Manram – under the Dept of Art and Culture. The Music Academy, Chennai, gives 'Sangita Kalanidhi'; the Tamil Isai Sangam gives 'Isai Perarignar'.

21.  
The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) functions under which Ministry?

Correct Answer: A [Women and Child Development]

Explanation:

CARA was set up in 1990; Section 68 of the JJ Act 2015 made it a statutory body. HQ: New Delhi.

22.  
Section 74 of the Juvenile Justice Act, stressed in CARA's recent directions, prohibits what?

Correct Answer: D [Disclosure of child's identity]

Explanation:

Name, photo, school, address or other identifying details cannot be published in media or social media; violation is punishable under Sec 74(3).

23.  
CARA is India's 'Central Authority' for inter-country adoption under which international convention?

Correct Answer: A [Hague Convention]

Explanation:

India ratified the 1993 Hague Convention in 2003. Ramsar – wetlands; Geneva – laws of war.

24.  
Under the JJ Act, which body declares a child 'legally free for adoption'?

Correct Answer: B [Child Welfare Committee]

Explanation:

The CWC declares it after inquiry; the adoption order is issued by the District Magistrate (since the 2021 amendment). JJ Board deals with children in conflict with law.

25.  
In which district was Tamil Nadu's 'Cradle Baby Scheme' first launched in 1992 to curb female infanticide?

Correct Answer: C [Salem]

Explanation:

Launched in Salem under CM Jayalalithaa; extended to Madurai, Theni, Dindigul and Dharmapuri in 2001.

26.  
The CIML, whose 61st meeting is held in New Delhi in Oct 2026, is a committee of which international body?

Correct Answer: B [OIML]

Explanation:

CIML is the governing committee of the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML); India hosts it for the first time.

27.  
Where is the headquarters (BIML) of the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML)?

Correct Answer: A [Paris]

Explanation:

OIML was set up in 1955; India has been a member since 1956 and in 2023 became the 13th country authorised to issue OIML certificates.

28.  
Which Central department administers the Legal Metrology Act, 2009?

Correct Answer: B [Department of Consumer Affairs]

Explanation:

It replaced the 1976 and 1985 weights-and-measures Acts and came into force in 2011. The Indian Institute of Legal Metrology is at Ranchi.

29.  
Which institution maintains and disseminates Indian Standard Time (IST)?

Correct Answer: D [CSIR–National Physical Lab]

Explanation:

NPL, New Delhi is India's National Metrology Institute. IST = UTC + 5:30, based on the 82.5° E meridian.

30.  
In Tamil Nadu, which State department enforces the Legal Metrology Act by checking weights and measures in shops?

Correct Answer: A [Labour Department]

Explanation:

Assistant Commissioners of Labour and Labour Inspectors carry out checks under the 'Tamil Nadu Legal Metrology (Enforcement) Rules, 2011'.

31.  
Who was sworn in as the Governor of Uttarakhand in October 2026?

Correct Answer: B [Dhal Singh Bisen]

Explanation:

He is the 9th Governor and a former Lok Sabha MP from Balaghat (MP); he succeeds Lt Gen Gurmit Singh.

32.  
Which Article of the Constitution provides for the appointment of a State Governor by the President?

Correct Answer: C [Article 155]

Explanation:

Art 155 – appointment by warrant under hand and seal. Art 153 – a Governor for each State; Art 154 – executive power.

33.  
A State Governor holds office during the 'pleasure' of whom?

Correct Answer: B [President]

Explanation:

Art 156 – normal term 5 years, but the President may remove earlier. There is no impeachment procedure for a Governor.

34.  
Which place has been declared the summer capital of Uttarakhand?

Correct Answer: A [Gairsain]

Explanation:

Gairsain (Bhararisain) in Chamoli district was declared in 2020; Dehradun is the capital; the High Court sits at Nainital.

35.  
Who took charge as the full-time Governor of Tamil Nadu in October 2026?

Correct Answer: B [Rajendra Arlekar]

Explanation:

Kerala Governor holding additional charge since March 2026; he assumed charge at Lok Bhavan, Chennai on 15 Oct 2026. R.N. Ravi had moved to West Bengal.

36.  
Who normally administers the oath of office to a State Governor?

Correct Answer: D [Chief Justice of High Court]

Explanation:

Art 159; in the CJ's absence, the senior-most judge. Orissa HC CJ Harish Tandon administered the oath to Braj Mohan Ram.

37.  
Following the Union Home Ministry's suggestion (2025), State 'Raj Bhavans' have been renamed as what?

Correct Answer: C [Lok Bhavan]

Explanation:

Aim: drop the colonial association; UT 'Raj Niwas' became 'Lok Niwas'. West Bengal and Ladakh were among the first.

38.  
The day Odisha became a separate province in 1936 is celebrated as what?

Correct Answer: A [Utkal Divas]

Explanation:

1 April – Utkal Divas; one of the first provinces formed on linguistic lines. Nuakhai is a harvest festival.

39.  
Which Article of the Constitution empowers the Governor to grant pardons and remit sentences?

Correct Answer: C [Article 161]

Explanation:

Art 72 – President's pardoning power; a Governor cannot pardon court-martial sentences. Arts 123 and 213 – ordinances.

40.  
The 2025 Supreme Court case 'State of Tamil Nadu v. Governor of Tamil Nadu' concerned which power of the Governor?

Correct Answer: B [Assent to Bills]

Explanation:

Art 200; the 8 Apr 2025 ruling deemed assent to 10 Bills under Art 142. A Constitution Bench later gave its opinion on the Art 143 reference (Nov 2025).

41.  
Which magazine named SBI the 'World's Best Consumer Bank 2026'?

Correct Answer: D [Global Finance]

Explanation:

Global Finance (1987, New York). The ceremony was held in Oct 2026 during the IMF–World Bank Annual Meetings in Bangkok; SBI's second win in a row.

42.  
Which committee recommended converting the Imperial Bank of India into the State Bank of India?

Correct Answer: C [All India Rural Credit Survey]

Explanation:

The AIRCS committee headed by A.D. Gorwala; SBI was born on 1 July 1955 under the SBI Act, 1955. The Narasimham Committees (1991, 1998) dealt with banking reforms.

43.  
Which of these was one of the three Presidency Banks that merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank?

Correct Answer: B [Bank of Madras]

Explanation:

Bank of Madras (1843); the others were the Bank of Bengal (Bank of Calcutta, 1806) and the Bank of Bombay (1840).

44.  
Which Chennai-headquartered public sector bank was founded by M.Ct.M. Chidambaram Chettiar in 1937?

Correct Answer: C [Indian Overseas Bank]

Explanation:

Indian Overseas Bank (IOB) – nationalised in 1969. Indian Bank (1907) is also headquartered in Chennai; Canara Bank is in Bengaluru.

📰 Read the news behind these questions
› ASI launches conservation works on the upper rampart (wall) of the Brihadeeswarar (Big) Temple, Thanjavur › Maiden export of 1.755 tonnes of organic palmyra jaggery powder from Erode district to Varna, Bulgaria › WINDS project to install automatic rain gauges and weather stations in States runs over a year late due to land shortage › Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar for 2024 and 2025 conferred on 106 young performing artists › CARA issues nationwide directions to strengthen adoption procedures, safeguard records and protect children's identity › 61st meeting of the International Committee of Legal Metrology (CIML) in New Delhi, 26–28 Oct 2026 – India hosts it for the first time › Dr Dhal Singh Bisen sworn in as the 9th Governor of Uttarakhand at Lok Bhavan, Dehradun (19 Oct 2026) › Braj Mohan Ram sworn in as Governor of Odisha at Lok Bhavan, Bhubaneswar (18 Oct 2026) › SBI named 'World's Best Consumer Bank 2026' by Global Finance – second year in a row › Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal launches the National Strategic Trade Command Centre (NSTCC) in New Delhi
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