Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Features of the Indian Economy (Part 2)

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Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Features of the Indian Economy (Part 2) – 15 questions, subject: Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  
Which statements about Tamil Nadu are correct? (Census 2011)
  1. Tamil Nadu's sex ratio is 996.
  2. Tamil Nadu's urban share is above the national average.
  3. Dharmapuri has the highest literacy among TN districts.

Correct Answer: B [1, 2 only]

Explanation:

Kanniyakumari is first in literacy; Dharmapuri is last.

2.  
Match the following:
a. GDP (expenditure method)1. GNP − Depreciation
b. GNP2. C + I + G + (X − M)
c. NNP3. Nominal GDP ÷ Real GDP × 100
d. GDP deflator4. GDP + (R − P)

Correct Answer: A [2 4 1 3]

Explanation:

GDP = C + I + G + (X − M); GNP = GDP + (R − P); NNP = GNP − depreciation; deflator = nominal ÷ real × 100.

3.  
Which statements about GDP are correct?
  1. GDP at current prices is nominal GDP.
  2. GDP at base-year prices is real GDP.
  3. The current base year of India's GDP series is 2011-12.

Correct Answer: C [1, 2 only]

Explanation:

From 27.02.2026 the base year is 2022-23.

4.  
Who chaired the National Income Committee set up in 1949?

Correct Answer: D [P.C. Mahalanobis]

Explanation:

Mahalanobis was chairman; Gadgil and Rao were members.

5.  
Which statements about the Human Development Report 2025 are correct?
  1. India's HDI value is 0.685.
  2. India is in the "medium human development" category.
  3. Norway is ranked first.

Correct Answer: A [1, 2 only]

Explanation:

India is 130th of 193 countries; Iceland is first (0.972).

6.  
Assertion (A): India's population rose continuously after 1921.
Reason (R): The death rate began to fall after 1921.

Correct Answer: A []

Explanation:

The death rate fell while the birth rate stayed high.

7.  
Assertion (A): Rural India's entire income comes from agriculture.
Reason (R): Agriculture's share in rural income is only 39.2%.

Correct Answer: D []

Explanation:

About 61% of rural income is non-agricultural (NITI Aayog, 2017).

8.  
Assertion (A): India is in a position to reap the demographic dividend.
Reason (R): India's population crossed one billion in 2001.

Correct Answer: B []

Explanation:

The dividend comes from the share of young workers, not the total population.

9.  
Which pair is incorrectly matched?

Correct Answer: C [Amartya Sen – Doctrine of trusteeship]

Explanation:

The doctrine of trusteeship belongs to Gandhi.

10.  
Which statements on Thiruvalluvar's economic thought are correct?
  1. Kural 385 describes public finance management by the State.
  2. Kural 1033 describes the primacy of agriculture.
  3. The Thirukkural supports laissez-faire capitalism.

Correct Answer: D [1, 2 only]

Explanation:

Valluvar described a welfare state.

11.  
Match the book with its year:
a. 17761. Poverty and Famines
b. 19232. The Wealth of Nations
c. 19453. The Problem of the Rupee
d. 19814. Economy of Permanence

Correct Answer: C [2 3 4 1]

Explanation:

Smith 1776; Ambedkar 1923; Kumarappa 1945; Sen 1981.

12.  
Arrange chronologically: (1) Second Industrial Policy Resolution (2) Setting up of the Planning Commission (3) Avadi Congress session (4) First Industrial Policy Resolution

Correct Answer: B [4 2 3 1]

Explanation:

1948 → 1950 → 1955 → 1956.

13.  
Assertion (A): A country's GNP can be lower than its GDP.
Reason (R): If factor income paid abroad (P) exceeds that received (R), net factor income is negative.

Correct Answer: A []

Explanation:

GNP = GDP + (R − P).

14.  
Match the following:
a. GNH1. Mahbub ul Haq
b. PQLI2. Ragnar Nurkse
c. HDI3. Jigme Singye Wangchuck
d. Vicious circle of poverty4. Morris D. Morris

Correct Answer: B [3 4 1 2]

Explanation:

GNH 3, PQLI 4, HDI 1, Vicious circle of poverty 2.

15.  
Which statements about Census 2011 final data are correct?
  1. India's sex ratio is 943.
  2. Child sex ratio (0–6 years) is 918.
  3. Kerala has the lowest sex ratio among States.

Correct Answer: D [1, 2 only]

Explanation:

Kerala is highest (1,084); Haryana is lowest (879).

? Full lessons and explanations – Indian Economy PDF textbook (₹299): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/tnpsc-gs-unit-5-indian-economy

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