Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Structure of the Economy · Unemployment · Labour Force Surveys · Employment Generation Schemes · MGNREGA to VB-G RAM G (Part 1)
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Okun 1962; Phillips 1958; Lorenz 1905; Gini 1912.
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Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Structure of the Economy · Unemployment · Labour Force Surveys · Employment Generation Schemes · MGNREGA to VB-G RAM G (Part 1) – 20 questions, subject: Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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1.
According to PLFS 2025, which sector employs the largest share of India’s workers?
Correct Answer: B [Primary sector]
Explanation:
Primary 43.3%, secondary 24.8%, tertiary 31.8%.
2.
Under the NCEUS definition, an unorganised enterprise employs fewer than how many workers?
Correct Answer: C [10]
Explanation:
NCEUS (20.9.2004; chaired by Arjun Sengupta): fewer than 10 workers.
3.
Which type of unemployment exists when removing a worker does not reduce total output?
Correct Answer: D [Disguised unemployment]
Explanation:
Marginal productivity is zero or nearly zero.
4.
What is the reference period of the Current Weekly Status (CWS) in PLFS?
Correct Answer: A [Last 7 days]
Explanation:
UPS / UPSS = 365 days; CDS = each day.
5.
Which programme was formed by merging NREP and RLEGP?
Correct Answer: C [Jawahar Rozgar Yojana]
Explanation:
April 1989; Union : State 80 : 20.
6.
When was the Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana launched?
Correct Answer: D [25.9.2001]
Explanation:
Merger of EAS + JGSY; 2.10.1993 = EAS; 14.11.2004 = NFFWP; 1.4.1999 = JGSY / SGSY.
7.
PMEGP was formed by merging which two schemes?
Correct Answer: B [PMRY and REGP]
Explanation:
August 2008; implemented by KVIC.
8.
Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana was meant for which areas?
Correct Answer: A [Urban areas]
Explanation:
Shahari = urban; launched 1.12.1997.
9.
How many days of wage employment does the VB-G RAM G Act guarantee to a household in a financial year?
Correct Answer: D [125]
Explanation:
Section 5; MGNREGA gave 100 days (150 for some categories).
10.
In how many districts did NREGA come into force in the first phase on 2.2.2006?
Correct Answer: C [200]
Explanation:
1.4.2007 another 113; 15.5.2007 another 17; 1.4.2008 all districts.
11.
Which Union scheme gives collateral-free loans to street vendors?
Correct Answer: B [PM SVANidhi]
Explanation:
1.6.2020; ₹15,000 ➜ ₹25,000 ➜ ₹50,000; 7% interest subsidy.
12.
Which Tamil Nadu scheme is meant for SC/ST entrepreneurs?
Correct Answer: D [Annal Ambedkar Business Champions Scheme]
Explanation:
2023; 35% subsidy, up to ₹1.5 crore + 6% interest subvention.
13.
How did agriculture’s share of India’s workforce behave between 1951 and 1971?
Correct Answer: A [Almost unchanged at about 69–70%]
Explanation:
69.4 (1951), 69.5 (1961), 69.7 (1971); the decline came after 1981.
14.
Match the year with the share of workers in agriculture (cultivators + agricultural labourers):
| a. 1951 | 1. 54.6% |
| b. 1991 | 2. 69.4% |
| c. 2011 | 3. 43.0% |
| d. 2025 | 4. 64.9% |
Correct Answer: C [2 4 1 3]
Explanation:
1951 ≈ 69.4; 1991 ≈ 64.9; 2011 ≈ 54.6; 2025 ≈ 43.0.
15.
When was the e-Shram portal, the national database of unorganised workers, launched?
Correct Answer: B [26.8.2021]
Explanation:
26.8.2021; 21.11.2025 = four Labour Codes came into force.
16.
Match the Article with its subject:
| a. Article 23 | 1. Ban on children in hazardous work |
| b. Article 24 | 2. Workers’ participation in management |
| c. Article 41 | 3. Ban on forced labour |
| d. Article 43A | 4. Right to work |
Correct Answer: D [3 1 4 2]
Explanation:
23 forced labour ban; 24 ban on child labour below 14; 41 right to work; 43A workers' participation in management.
17.
What is the unemployment that arises in the gap while moving from one job to another?
Correct Answer: B [Frictional unemployment]
Explanation:
Frictional unemployment exists even at full employment.
18.
Match the type of unemployment with its example:
| a. Seasonal | 1. Surplus family members on a small farm |
| b. Technological | 2. Farm workers idle after harvest |
| c. Structural | 3. Job loss due to computerisation |
| d. Disguised | 4. Long-term unemployment due to lack of capital |
Correct Answer: C [2 3 4 1]
Explanation:
Seasonal = idle after harvest; technological = machines; structural = lack of capital; disguised = surplus family members on the farm.
19.
In a population of 1000, 570 are employed and 30 are seeking work. What is the unemployment rate?
Correct Answer: D [5%]
Explanation:
Labour force = 570 + 30 = 600; UR = 30 ÷ 600 = 5%. 3% is the error of dividing by the total population.
20.
Match the concept with its author:
| a. Unemployment – output gap relation | 1. A. W. Phillips |
| b. Inflation – unemployment trade-off | 2. Corrado Gini |
| c. Curve of income inequality | 3. Arthur Okun |
| d. Coefficient of inequality | 4. Max Lorenz |
Correct Answer: A [3 1 4 2]
Explanation:
Okun 1962; Phillips 1958; Lorenz 1905; Gini 1912.
? Full lessons and explanations – Indian Economy PDF textbook (₹299): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/tnpsc-gs-unit-5-indian-economy
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