Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Population Theories and Policies · Education · Health · Poverty · Unemployment · Children, Women, Elderly, Persons with Disabilities, Transgender Persons · Food Security and Nutrition · Tamil Nadu's Position (Part 1)
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3 equal-weight dimensions, 12 indicators; data from NFHS, not NSSO consumption survey. 24.82 crore escaped poverty 2013-14 to 2022-23.
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Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Population Theories and Policies · Education · Health · Poverty · Unemployment · Children, Women, Elderly, Persons with Disabilities, Transgender Persons · Food Security and Nutrition · Tamil Nadu's Position (Part 1) – 20 questions, subject: Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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1.
Who wrote “An Essay on the Principle of Population” (1798)?
Correct Answer: B [Thomas Robert Malthus]
Explanation:
Malthus (1798): population grows geometrically, food arithmetically. Cannan = optimum population; Lee = migration theory (1966).
2.
What is the reference date of Census 2027 (other than snow-bound areas)?
Correct Answer: C [1 March 2027]
Explanation:
Reference date 00:00 hrs on 1.3.2027. Snow-bound areas 1.10.2026; first phase began 1.4.2026; gazette notification 16.6.2025.
3.
Which Article of the Constitution made elementary education a fundamental right?
Correct Answer: D [Article 21A]
Explanation:
The 86th Amendment (2002) added Article 21A: free, compulsory education for ages 6–14. 45 = ECCE to age 6; 51A(k) = parents' duty.
4.
What is India’s Infant Mortality Rate as per SRS 2023?
Correct Answer: A [25]
Explanation:
SRS 2023: 25 per 1000 live births. 40 in 2013; 44 in 2011.
5.
On which day of every month are antenatal check-ups held under PMSMA?
Correct Answer: C [9th]
Explanation:
PMSMA (9.6.2016): antenatal check-ups at government health facilities on the 9th of every month.
6.
Which committee recommended a poverty line of ₹972 (rural) and ₹1,407 (urban) per capita per month for 2011-12?
Correct Answer: D [Rangarajan Committee]
Explanation:
Rangarajan Committee (report 30.6.2014): ₹972 / ₹1,407; poverty 29.5%. Tendulkar lines for 2011-12: ₹816 / ₹1,000 (21.9%).
7.
As per the PLFS Annual Report 2025, what is the unemployment rate for persons aged 15+ (usual status)?
Correct Answer: B [3.1%]
Explanation:
PLFS 2025 (released 27.3.2026): 3.1%. 9.9% = youth (15–29); 4.8% = urban; 6.0% = 2017-18.
8.
In which type of unemployment is the marginal productivity of labour zero?
Correct Answer: A [Disguised unemployment]
Explanation:
In disguised unemployment more people than needed do the same work; removing some does not reduce output.
9.
On which date was the Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board formed?
Correct Answer: D [15.04.2008]
Explanation:
TN Transgender Welfare Board 15.04.2008. 10.1.2020 = 2019 Act in force; 2014 = NALSA verdict year; 12.2.2022 = SMILE.
10.
How much foodgrain per month does an Antyodaya Anna Yojana household get under the NFSA?
Correct Answer: C [35 kg]
Explanation:
AAY: 35 kg per household per month; priority households: 5 kg per person per month. 10 kg = Annapurna (Chapter 9).
11.
When was the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) launched?
Correct Answer: B [2.10.1975]
Explanation:
ICDS 2.10.1975. 15.8.1995 = national mid-day meal (NP-NSPE); 1.7.1982 = TN Nutritious Meal scheme; 8.3.2018 = POSHAN Abhiyaan.
12.
When was the “Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam” scheme launched in Tamil Nadu?
Correct Answer: D [05.08.2021]
Explanation:
Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam 05.08.2021. 29.09.2021 = Varumun Kappom; 27.10.2021 = Illam Thedi Kalvi; 15.09.2022 = Breakfast scheme.
13.
Match the event with its date:
| a. National Family Planning Programme | 1. 30.4.2025 |
| b. Karan Singh population policy statement | 2. 15.2.2000 |
| c. National Population Policy | 3. 1952 |
| d. Decision on caste enumeration in Census | 4. 16.4.1976 |
Correct Answer: A [3 4 2 1]
Explanation:
Family planning programme 1952; Karan Singh policy statement 16.4.1976; NPP 2000 on 15.2.2000; caste in Census decision 30.4.2025.
14.
Which statements about a “Census town” are correct?
- It must have a population of at least 5,000.
- At least 75% of the female main workers must be in non-agricultural work.
- It must have a density of at least 400 persons per sq km.
Correct Answer: C [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
Three tests: population at least 5,000; at least 75% of male main workers in non-farm work; density at least 400. Male, not female.
15.
Match the education commission / policy with its year:
| a. Radhakrishnan Commission | 1. 1968 |
| b. Mudaliar Commission | 2. 1948 |
| c. First National Policy on Education | 3. 1993 |
| d. Yash Pal Committee | 4. 1952 |
Correct Answer: B [2 4 1 3]
Explanation:
Radhakrishnan Commission 1948; Mudaliar Commission 1952; first NPE 1968; Yash Pal Committee 1993.
16.
Which statements about NEP 2020 are correct?
- A 100% GER in school education by 2030.
- A 75% GER in higher education by 2035.
- Mother tongue / regional language as the medium of instruction at least till Grade 5.
Correct Answer: D [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
NEP 2020: 100% school GER by 2030; mother tongue/regional medium at least till Class 5. Higher-education GER target is 50% by 2035, not 75%.
17.
Match the programme with its beneficiaries:
| a. RBSK | 1. Adolescents aged 10–19 |
| b. RKSK | 2. Senior citizens aged 70+ |
| c. JSY | 3. Birth to 18 years, 4D screening |
| d. Ayushman Vay Vandana | 4. Institutional delivery of poor pregnant women |
Correct Answer: B [3 1 4 2]
Explanation:
RBSK = birth to 18 years, 4Ds; RKSK = adolescents 10–19; JSY = institutional delivery for poor women; PM-JAY 70+ = all aged over 70.
18.
Which statements about National Health Accounts 2022-23 are correct?
- Government health expenditure is 1.43% of GDP.
- Out-of-pocket expenditure is 43.4% of total health expenditure.
- Compared with 2013-14, the government’s share in total health expenditure has fallen.
Correct Answer: C [1, 2 only]
Explanation:
Government spending 1.43% of GDP; out-of-pocket 43.4%; government share of total rose from 28.6% (2013-14) to 43.7%, so 3 is wrong.
19.
Match the poverty estimation committee with the year of its report:
| a. Alagh Task Force | 1. 2009 |
| b. Lakdawala Expert Group | 2. 2014 |
| c. Tendulkar Expert Group | 3. 1979 |
| d. Rangarajan Expert Group | 4. 1993 |
Correct Answer: D [3 4 1 2]
Explanation:
Alagh Task Force 1979; Lakdawala 1993; Tendulkar 2009; Rangarajan 2014.
20.
Which statements about NITI Aayog's National Multidimensional Poverty Index are correct?
- It has three dimensions (health, education, standard of living) and 12 indicators.
- It is based on the consumption expenditure survey data of the NSSO.
- A January 2024 paper says 24.82 crore people escaped multidimensional poverty between 2013-14 and 2022-23.
Correct Answer: A [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
3 equal-weight dimensions, 12 indicators; data from NFHS, not NSSO consumption survey. 24.82 crore escaped poverty 2013-14 to 2022-23.
? Full lessons and explanations – Indian Economy PDF textbook (₹299): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/tnpsc-gs-unit-5-indian-economy
📘 TNPSC பொது அறிவு அலகு V (பகுதி 2) — தமிழகப் பொருளாதாரம் (Tamil Nadu Economy) – முழுமையான பாடநூல்
Here you get the answer with a one-line explanation. NPSC பொது அறிவு அலகு V — தமிழகப் பொருளாதாரம் முழுவதும் · 10 அத்தியாயங்கள் · 400 பயிற்சி வினாக்கள் விடை + விளக்கத்துடன் · அட்டவணைகள், காலவரிசைகள், மனவரைபடங்கள் · அக்டோபர் 2026 வரையிலான தரவுகள்
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