Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Population Theories and Policies · Education · Health · Poverty · Unemployment · Children, Women, Elderly, Persons with Disabilities, Transgender Persons · Food Security and Nutrition · Tamil Nadu's Position (Part 2)
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Naan Mudhalvan began on 01.03.2022; 09.08.2024 = Tamil Pudhalvan. The other three are correct.
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Indian Economy Textbook Questions – Population Theories and Policies · Education · Health · Poverty · Unemployment · Children, Women, Elderly, Persons with Disabilities, Transgender Persons · Food Security and Nutrition · Tamil Nadu's Position (Part 2) – 20 questions, subject: Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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1.
Match the type of unemployment with the example:
| a. Seasonal | 1. Automation in a factory |
| b. Structural | 2. Single-crop farmer idle for some months |
| c. Technological | 3. Great Depression of 1929–33 |
| d. Cyclical | 4. Decline of the camera industry due to mobile phones |
Correct Answer: C [2 4 1 3]
Explanation:
Seasonal – single-crop farmer; structural – camera industry hit by mobiles; technological – automation; cyclical – Great Depression 1929–33.
2.
Which statements about PLFS measurement approaches are correct?
- The reference period of usual status is the last 365 days.
- The reference period of current weekly status is the last 7 days.
- The figures in the PLFS monthly bulletin are computed in usual status.
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 only]
Explanation:
Usual status: 365 days; current weekly status: 7 days. The monthly report uses current weekly status, so statement 3 is wrong.
3.
Match the Act with the year of enactment:
| a. Dowry Prohibition Act | 1. 2012 |
| b. Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act | 2. 1961 |
| c. POCSO Act | 3. 2013 |
| d. Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act | 4. 2005 |
Correct Answer: B [2 4 1 3]
Explanation:
Dowry Prohibition Act 1961; Domestic Violence Act 2005; POCSO 2012; Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act 2013.
4.
Which statements about the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 are correct?
- The categories of disability were expanded from 7 to 21.
- Reservation in government jobs was raised from 3% to 5%.
- The Act came into force on 19.4.2017.
Correct Answer: A [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
RPwD 2016: disability categories 7 to 21; in force 19.4.2017. Job reservation rose from 3% to 4%, not 5%, so statement 2 is wrong.
5.
Match the nutrition indicator with its meaning:
| a. Stunting | 1. Low weight for height |
| b. Wasting | 2. Low haemoglobin |
| c. Underweight | 3. Low height for age |
| d. Anaemia | 4. Low weight for age |
Correct Answer: D [3 1 4 2]
Explanation:
Stunting = low height for age; wasting = low weight for height; underweight = low weight for age; anaemia = low haemoglobin.
6.
Which statements about the National Food Security Act, 2013 are correct?
- The eldest woman (18 years or above) of the household is treated as head of the family for the ration card.
- Coverage is up to 75% of the urban and 50% of the rural population.
- Pregnant women and lactating mothers get a maternity benefit of not less than Rs 6,000.
Correct Answer: C [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
NFSA covers up to 75% rural and 50% urban (fixed), so 2 is wrong. Eldest woman (18+) is head; maternity benefit at least ₹6,000.
7.
Match the Tamil Nadu scheme with its year of launch:
| a. Pudhumai Penn | 1. 1982 |
| b. Tamil Pudhalvan | 2. 2012 |
| c. MGR Nutritious Meal Programme | 3. 2022 |
| d. CM Comprehensive Health Insurance | 4. 2024 |
Correct Answer: B [3 4 1 2]
Explanation:
Pudhumai Penn 2022 (05.09.2022); Tamil Pudhalvan 2024 (09.08.2024); CM's Comprehensive Health Insurance 2012; Nutritious Meal 01.07.1982.
8.
Which statements comparing Tamil Nadu and India are correct?
- As per SRS 2023, the total fertility rate of Tamil Nadu is below the replacement level.
- As per SRS 2023, the crude death rate of Tamil Nadu is lower than the all-India average.
- As per AISHE 2021-22, the gross enrolment ratio in higher education of Tamil Nadu is higher than the all-India average.
Correct Answer: D [1, 3 only]
Explanation:
SRS 2023: TN TFR 1.3 (below replacement 2.1). CDR TN 6.9 vs India 6.4, so 2 is wrong. Higher-education GER 2021-22: TN 47, India 28.4.
9.
Assertion (A): Population grows very rapidly in the second stage of the demographic transition.
Reason (R): In that stage the death rate falls due to sanitation and medical care, while the birth rate stays high.
கூற்று–காரண வினாக்களுக்கான தேர்வுகள்
(A) கூற்றும் காரணமும் சரி; காரணம் கூற்றுக்குச் சரியான விளக்கம்
(B) கூற்றும் காரணமும் சரி; ஆனால் காரணம் சரியான விளக்கம் அல்ல
(C) கூற்று சரி; காரணம் தவறு
(D) கூற்று தவறு; காரணம் சரி
Options for Assertion–Reason questions
(A) Both A and R are true; R is the correct explanation of A
(B) Both A and R are true; R is not the correct explanation of A
(C) A is true; R is false
(D) A is false; R is true
Correct Answer: A []
Explanation:
Stage two = high births, falling deaths; the widening gap causes rapid growth, so R directly explains A.
10.
Assertion (A): Samagra Shiksha was launched in 2018 as an integrated scheme for school education.
Reason (R): Samagra Shiksha merged the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, the Mid-Day Meal scheme and a higher-education scheme.
Correct Answer: C []
Explanation:
Samagra Shiksha (2018) merged SSA, RMSA and teacher education; mid-day meal is separate (now PM POSHAN). A true; R false.
11.
According to UDISE+ 2025-26 (PIB 7.7.2026), what is the GER at the secondary level?
Correct Answer: A [71.7%]
Explanation:
UDISE+ 2025-26: secondary GER 71.7%, middle 89.6%. 30.0 = higher-education GER (AISHE 2023-24); 80.9% = literacy (PLFS 2023-24).
12.
Assertion (A): As per SRS 2023, India’s TFR is 1.9, below the replacement level of 2.1.
Reason (R): As per NFHS-6 (2023-24), India’s TFR is 2.0.
Correct Answer: B []
Explanation:
Both true: SRS 2023 = 1.9; NFHS-6 = 2.0. But these are estimates from two different methods; one does not explain the other.
13.
Assertion (A): The Household Consumption Expenditure Survey 2023-24 shows that consumption inequality in India has declined.
Reason (R): Between 2022-23 and 2023-24 the Gini coefficient of consumption fell from 0.266 to 0.237 in rural areas and from 0.314 to 0.284 in urban areas.
Correct Answer: A []
Explanation:
A falling Gini shows lower inequality; the Gini drop in HCES 2023-24 (27.12.2024) is direct evidence, so R explains A.
14.
Arrange the following urban poverty alleviation schemes in chronological order: (1) PM SVANidhi (2) SJSRY (3) NULM (4) VAMBAY
Correct Answer: C [2, 4, 3, 1]
Explanation:
SJSRY December 1997; VAMBAY 2.12.2001; NULM 2013 (replaced SJSRY; DAY-NULM from 2016); PM SVANidhi June 2020.
15.
Assertion (A): The 2025 annual unemployment rate was 3.1% and the August 2026 monthly rate was 5.0%; so unemployment in India has risen sharply.
Reason (R): The monthly rate is computed in current weekly status (7-day reference) and the annual rate in usual status (365-day reference).
Correct Answer: D []
Explanation:
They use different measurement methods, so one cannot compare them and claim a "rise". A is false; R is true.
16.
Assertion (A): After the 2016 amendment, employing children below 14 in any occupation is prohibited.
Reason (R): The 2016 amendment prohibits employing anyone below 18 in all occupations.
Correct Answer: C []
Explanation:
2016 amendment: any work below 14 banned (A true); for adolescents 14–18 only hazardous work is banned, so R is false.
17.
Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
Correct Answer: B [Mission Vatsalya – Rehabilitation of transgender persons]
Explanation:
Mission Vatsalya is a child protection scheme; transgender rehabilitation is a sub-scheme of SMILE. The other three pairs are correct.
18.
Assertion (A): Mission POSHAN 2.0 does not cover malnutrition among the elderly.
Reason (R): The beneficiaries of POSHAN 2.0 are children up to 6 years, adolescent girls (14–18), pregnant women and lactating mothers only.
Correct Answer: A []
Explanation:
POSHAN 2.0 has only four beneficiary groups and the elderly are not among them, so R directly explains A.
19.
Assertion (A): In Round IV (2019-20) of the NITI Aayog State Health Index, Tamil Nadu ranked second in overall performance among the larger states.
Reason (R): The National Food Security Act came into force in Tamil Nadu from 01.11.2016.
Correct Answer: B []
Explanation:
Both true: health index Kerala 82.20, Tamil Nadu 72.42; NFSA in TN from 01.11.2016. But the NFSA date does not explain the ranking.
20.
Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched?
Correct Answer: A [Naan Mudhalvan – 09.08.2024]
Explanation:
Naan Mudhalvan began on 01.03.2022; 09.08.2024 = Tamil Pudhalvan. The other three are correct.
? Full lessons and explanations – Indian Economy PDF textbook (₹299): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/tnpsc-gs-unit-5-indian-economy
📘 TNPSC பொது அறிவு அலகு V (பகுதி 2) — தமிழகப் பொருளாதாரம் (Tamil Nadu Economy) – முழுமையான பாடநூல்
Here you get the answer with a one-line explanation. NPSC பொது அறிவு அலகு V — தமிழகப் பொருளாதாரம் முழுவதும் · 10 அத்தியாயங்கள் · 400 பயிற்சி வினாக்கள் விடை + விளக்கத்துடன் · அட்டவணைகள், காலவரிசைகள், மனவரைபடங்கள் · அக்டோபர் 2026 வரையிலான தரவுகள்
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