Indian Economy PYQ – Population

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Indian Economy PYQ – Population – 26 questions, subject: Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  
VAS AHGS 2020 · Group 1 2021
Population density means

Correct Answer: A [No. of persons living per sq. km.]

Explanation:

Population density is the number of persons living per square kilometre of land area.

2.  
ADGS 2021
What is / are the cause / causes for population growth in India?
I. Falling death rate
II. Lack of education
III. Late marriage

Correct Answer: B [I and II only]

Explanation:

A falling death rate from better medical care and lack of education about family planning raise population growth, whereas late marriage lowers birth rates.

3.  
AHGS 2021
Consider the following statements related to the growth of population in under-developed nations :
(1) Low savings due to high level consumption expenditure
(2) It destroys the natural resources
(3) It stimulates greater productivity and savings
Select the correct answers by using the codes :

Correct Answer: C [(1) and (2)]

Explanation:

In underdeveloped nations rapid population growth raises consumption and lowers savings and investment while straining resources, so statements (1) and (2) are correct.

4.  
Group 1 2021
The most populous State of India is

Correct Answer: C [Uttar Pradesh]

Explanation:

Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state, with about 19.98 crore people in the 2011 census.

5.  
Asst. Training Officer (Textile) 2023
Which is the least populous State of India?

Correct Answer: D [Sikkim]

Explanation:

Sikkim has the smallest state population in India, about 6.1 lakh in the 2011 census.

6.  
Group 4 2022 · CBT 2022
The birth rate is estimated in terms of
(i) Number of births per one hundred population in a given year
(ii) Number of births per one lakh population in a given year
(iii) Number of births per one thousand population in ten years
(iv) Number of births per one thousand population in a given year

Correct Answer: D [(iv) only]

Explanation:

The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year.

7.  
CEGS 2022
What do you mean by missing women?

Correct Answer: C [Quantifying excess female mortality]

Explanation:

Amartya Sen's 'missing women' means the gap between the women expected under a normal sex ratio and those actually present, quantifying excess female mortality.

8.  
EO Gr. IV (HR&CE) 2022
Important urban agglomerations includes

Correct Answer: A [Coimbatore, Madurai and Tiruchirappalli]

Explanation:

Coimbatore, Madurai and Tiruchirappalli are major urban agglomerations of Tamil Nadu after Chennai, each a city with its continuous built-up surroundings.

9.  
JSO 2023
The term "Missing Women" phenomenon occurs due to

Correct Answer: A [Preference for a son / male child]

Explanation:

The 'missing women' phenomenon arises from preference for a male child, leading to sex-selective abortion and neglect of girls' food and health.

10.  
JSO 2023
As per the 2011 census, the sex ratio in India was

Correct Answer: C [940]

Explanation:

The 2011 census provisional figure for India's sex ratio was 940 females per 1,000 males, the final figure being 943.

11.  
FA 2022
The population size of Class II urban settlements is

Correct Answer: B [50,000 to 99,999]

Explanation:

In the census classification, Class II urban settlements have a population of 50,000 to 99,999.

12.  
FA 2022
The optimum theory of population was propounded by

Correct Answer: A [Edwin Cannan]

Explanation:

Edwin Cannan propounded the optimum theory of population, in which the optimum population gives the maximum income per head with the available resources.

13.  
JR 2023 · CBT 2023
Choose the right option for what under-population means :
Statement I : A situation where the number of people that can be supported is the same as the available resources
Statement II : A situation whereby the population is considered too large for the available resources
Statement III : A situation where the population is less than the available resources of a country

Correct Answer: D [Statement III is correct; I and II are incorrect]

Explanation:

Under-population means too few people to use the available resources fully, which is described by Statement III, while I describes optimum and II over-population.

14.  
Reporter 2022
________ is the second largest State in India on account of its size.

Correct Answer: D [Madhya Pradesh]

Explanation:

Madhya Pradesh, with about 3.08 lakh sq km, is India's second largest state by area after Rajasthan.

15.  
Bursar 2023
According to 2001 census the lowest population density of 13 persons per sq. km. was found in which state of India?

Correct Answer: A [Arunachal Pradesh]

Explanation:

Arunachal Pradesh had the lowest population density in India, 13 persons per sq km in 2001 and 17 in 2011.

16.  
DEO 2023 · Library Service 2023
Arrange the population density in descending order based on 2011 census.
(1) Bihar
(2) West Bengal
(3) Kerala
(4) Uttar Pradesh

Correct Answer: D [(1), (2), (3), (4)]

Explanation:

The 2011 densities were Bihar 1106, West Bengal 1028, Kerala 860 and Uttar Pradesh 829 per sq km, giving (1), (2), (3), (4).

17.  
CTS (ITI Posts) 2024
Choose the right matches :
(1) Least population density – Jammu and Kashmir
(2) Most populous state – Maharashtra
(3) Lowest literacy rate – Bihar
(4) Most urbanized state – Goa

Correct Answer: D [(3) and (4) are correct]

Explanation:

Bihar had the lowest literacy rate (61.8%) and Goa the highest urbanisation (62.2%) in 2011, so matches (3) and (4) are correct.

18.  
Asst. Public Prosecutor Gr. II 2025
Which of the following is incorrectly paired?
(1) India's population in 2011 – 121.09 crores
(2) Annual average growth rate during 2001–2011 – 1.64 percent
(3) India's population in 1951 – 28.83 crores
(4) India's population in 2001 – 120 crores

Correct Answer: A [(3) and (4)]

Explanation:

India's population was 36.1 crore in 1951 and 102.87 crore in 2001, so pairs (3) and (4) are incorrect.

19.  
Road Inspector 2023 · CTS (ITI Posts) 2024
Match the following :
(a) Year of Great Divide – 1. 2011
(b) Year of Small Divide – 2. 1961
(c) Year of Population Explosion – 3. 1951
(d) Demographic transition – 4. 1921

Correct Answer: D [4 3 2 1]

Explanation:

1921 is the Year of the Great Divide, 1951 the Small Divide, 1961 the population explosion year and 2011 the census year, giving 4 3 2 1 as the only fitting option.

20.  
CTS (Non-Interview Posts) 2025
Arrange the following stages of demographic transition in chronological order.
(1) Low birth rate and low death rate
(2) High birth rate and high death rate
(3) High birth rate and low death rate

Correct Answer: C [(2), (3), (1)]

Explanation:

Demographic transition runs from high birth and high death rates, to falling death with high births, to low birth and low death rates, giving (2), (3), (1).

21.  
CTS (Interview Posts) 2024
A high birth rate of population along with a declining death rate in a thickly populated country like India leads to

Correct Answer: D [An increase in the dependency load]

Explanation:

High births with falling deaths increase both children and the elderly, raising the dependency load on the working-age population.

22.  
Group 1 2021
Consider the following statements :
(1) India introduced the family planning programme in 1950s
(2) The family planning programme adopted Neo-Marxian approach to birth control
(3) End of National Emergency ruled out compulsion in family planning
(4) Planning and implementation was carried by Central Government
Choose the correct answer :

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only correct]

Explanation:

India launched the world's first national family planning programme in 1952, based on a neo-Malthusian approach, not Marxian, so 1 and 3 are correct.

23.  
CTS (Non-Interview Posts) 2024
Which of the following statements are true about National Population Policy 2000?
1. The immediate objective of the policy was to meet the needs of health infrastructure and health personnel
2. The medium-term objective was to lower the fertility rate to the replacement level by 2010
3. The long-term objective is to achieve stable population by 2050

Correct Answer: C [1 and 2 are true]

Explanation:

National Population Policy 2000 aimed to meet contraceptive, health infrastructure and personnel needs immediately and to bring the total fertility rate to replacement level (2.1) by 2010.

24.  
Group 1B/1C 2024
Which of these expressions is used in population forecasting with the help of the arithmetical increase method?

Correct Answer: C [P₀ + n·X]

Explanation:

In the arithmetical increase method the average decadal increase X is constant, so the population after n decades is P0 + n.X.

25.  
Group 2/2A 2025
Assertion [A] : Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories.
Reason [R] : Migration can be external or international.

Correct Answer: C [Both [A] and [R] are true]

Explanation:

Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories and can be internal or external (international), so both statements are true.

26.  
CTS (Interview Posts) 2026
"Decision to migrate and the process of migration is determined by area of origin, destination, intervening obstacles and personal factors" – who propounded this theory?

Correct Answer: C [Everett Lee]

Explanation:

Everett Lee's 1966 theory of migration says migration depends on the area of origin, destination, intervening obstacles and personal factors.

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