General Science PYQ – Metallurgy and Chemistry in Everyday Life – Part 2 (Q 31–59)
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Cadmopone is a pigment made of cadmium sulphide and barium sulphate.
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General Science PYQ – Metallurgy and Chemistry in Everyday Life – Part 2 (Q 31–59) – 29 questions, subject: Science. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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1.
Group 4 2022
The gas present in the pores of soft, finely stratified sedimentary rock isCorrect Answer: A [Shale gas]
Explanation:
Natural gas trapped in the pores of fine-grained sedimentary shale rock is called shale gas, mainly methane.
2.
Group 3A 2023
Due to its great commercial importance, it is called 'black gold'.Correct Answer: A [Petroleum]
Explanation:
Petroleum is called black gold because of its dark colour and great commercial importance.
3.
Group 1B/1C 2024
Pick out the correct match from the followingCorrect Answer: B [Gasoline – Petrochemical]
Explanation:
Gasoline is obtained from petroleum, so it is a petrochemical product, whereas TNT is an explosive, dynamite contains nitroglycerine and cement is not a molecular crystal.
4.
Junior Scientific Officer 2023
Hydrocarbon Vision 2030 is associated withCorrect Answer: D [North East India]
Explanation:
Hydrocarbon Vision 2030 is the Petroleum Ministry's 2016 plan to boost oil and gas production in North East India.
5.
Group 1 2022
LPG is a mixture ofCorrect Answer: B [C₄H₁₀ + C₃H₈]
Explanation:
LPG is mainly a mixture of butane (C4H10) and propane (C3H8).
6.
Mass Interviewer 2023
Which among the following chemicals is mixed with LPG in LPG cylinders?Correct Answer: B [Ethyl mercaptan]
Explanation:
LPG is odourless, so foul-smelling ethyl mercaptan is added to help detect leaks.
7.
CSSS 2023
Octane number is zero forCorrect Answer: A [n-Heptane]
Explanation:
On the octane scale n-heptane is assigned 0 and isooctane 100.
8.
(i) Octane number increases with chain length.
(ii) Cycloalkanes have higher octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
(iii) Alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons have higher octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
(iv) Branched-chain alkanes have lower octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
Group 1/1A 2025
Which of the statements are true?(i) Octane number increases with chain length.
(ii) Cycloalkanes have higher octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
(iii) Alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons have higher octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
(iv) Branched-chain alkanes have lower octane number than straight-chain alkanes.
Correct Answer: C [(ii) and (iii)]
Explanation:
Cycloalkanes, alkenes, aromatics and branched alkanes have higher octane numbers than straight-chain alkanes, while octane number decreases with chain length, so (ii) and (iii) are true.
9.
Group 1 2024
Which is also called triptane?Correct Answer: C [2,2,3-Trimethylbutane]
Explanation:
2,2,3-Trimethylbutane is also called triptane, a high octane number compound used in aviation fuel.
10.
Fisheries Inspector / SI 2023 · Junior Rehabilitation Officer 2023
The measurement which is used to measure the ignition delay of the fuel in a diesel engine isCorrect Answer: A [Cetane number]
Explanation:
The cetane number measures ignition delay of diesel fuel, a higher number meaning shorter delay.
11.
CTS (Non-Interview Posts) 2024
The antioxidant used to reduce gum formation in gasoline isCorrect Answer: B [2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol]
Explanation:
The antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) is added to gasoline to prevent gum formation during storage.
12.
EO Group VII (HR&CE) 2022
Which of the following is used for artificial rain?Correct Answer: D [Solid carbon dioxide]
Explanation:
Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) and silver iodide are sprinkled on clouds to produce artificial rain.
13.
(1) Silver iodide
(2) Dry ice
(3) Sodium chloride
(4) Lead iodide
(5) Ammonium sulphate
Group 2/2A 2024
Recently in Dubai, cloud-seeding technology was used to get artificial rain. The most commonly used seeding agents among the following are(1) Silver iodide
(2) Dry ice
(3) Sodium chloride
(4) Lead iodide
(5) Ammonium sulphate
Correct Answer: A [(1), (2) and (3) only]
Explanation:
Silver iodide, dry ice (solid CO2) and salts such as sodium chloride are the common cloud seeding agents, so (1), (2) and (3) are correct.
14.
Bursar 2023
The compound used in the breath analysis test for drunken driving isCorrect Answer: D [K₂Cr₂O₇]
Explanation:
Acidified potassium dichromate (orange) is reduced by ethanol in the breath to green chromium(III), which indicates alcohol in drunken driving tests.
15.
GSHA 2021
Which one of the following reduces Tollens' reagent?Correct Answer: A [Formic acid]
Explanation:
Formic acid contains an aldehyde group and so reduces Tollens' reagent to give a silver mirror, unlike acetic acid, benzophenone or benzene.
16.
(a) Alcohol – 1. –COOH
(b) Aldehyde – 2. –OH
(c) Ketone – 3. –CHO
(d) Carboxylic acid – 4. >C=O
Group 4 2022
Match the class of compound with its functional group:(a) Alcohol – 1. –COOH
(b) Aldehyde – 2. –OH
(c) Ketone – 3. –CHO
(d) Carboxylic acid – 4. >C=O
Correct Answer: D [2 3 4 1]
Explanation:
Alcohol has the -OH group, aldehyde -CHO, ketone the carbonyl group and carboxylic acid -COOH, giving the matching 2 3 4 1.
17.
(a) Chloroform – 1. CCl₃NO₂
(b) Phosgene – 2. ClC₂H₄–S–C₂H₄Cl
(c) Tear gas – 3. CHCl₃
(d) Mustard gas – 4. COCl₂
Group 2/2A 2025
Match the following and choose the correct option:(a) Chloroform – 1. CCl₃NO₂
(b) Phosgene – 2. ClC₂H₄–S–C₂H₄Cl
(c) Tear gas – 3. CHCl₃
(d) Mustard gas – 4. COCl₂
Correct Answer: C [3 4 1 2]
Explanation:
Chloroform is CHCl3, phosgene is the poison gas COCl2, tear gas (chloropicrin) is CCl3NO2 and mustard gas is ClC2H4-S-C2H4Cl, giving 3 4 1 2.
18.
CTS (Interview Posts-II) 2024
Which among the following elements is used in the manufacture of freon compounds?Correct Answer: B [Carbon]
Explanation:
Freons are chlorofluorocarbons made of carbon, chlorine and fluorine, so carbon is the element among the options used in them.
19.
AHGS 2021
What is rancidity?Correct Answer: D [Decaying of lipids]
Explanation:
Rancidity is the spoilage of fats and oils by oxidation in air, producing bad smell and taste, i.e. decaying of lipids.
20.
(a) Hydrogen peroxide – 1. Shiny appearance
(b) Food colours – 2. Milk
(c) Calcium carbide – 3. Fresh look
(d) Carnauba wax – 4. Ripen bananas
Group 4 2022
Match the adulterants of food:(a) Hydrogen peroxide – 1. Shiny appearance
(b) Food colours – 2. Milk
(c) Calcium carbide – 3. Fresh look
(d) Carnauba wax – 4. Ripen bananas
Correct Answer: B [2 3 4 1]
Explanation:
Hydrogen peroxide is added to milk to preserve it, food colours to give fresh and shiny look to vegetables, calcium carbide to ripen fruit artificially and so on, as per the keyed matching 2 3 4 1.
21.
Group 3A 2023
The adulterant added to coffee powder isCorrect Answer: C [Tamarind (seed) powder]
Explanation:
Coffee powder is commonly adulterated with tamarind seed powder, date seed powder and chicory.
22.
CTS (Interview Posts) 2024
Nowadays an artificial food additive is injected into watermelon to get red colour, which is also partially banned by the Food and Drug Administration of USA. The chemical name of the food colourant isCorrect Answer: B [Erythrosine]
Explanation:
Erythrosine, an artificial red dye, is injected into watermelons to make the flesh look redder and is partially banned by the FSSAI.
23.
(a) Most of them are acid based and not alcohol based.
(b) They are flammable.
(c) They are effective against spores.
(d) It is correct to nicely wipe off hand sanitizer from the hands before it has dried.
Group 1 2021
What are the facts related to hand sanitizers?(a) Most of them are acid based and not alcohol based.
(b) They are flammable.
(c) They are effective against spores.
(d) It is correct to nicely wipe off hand sanitizer from the hands before it has dried.
Correct Answer: B [(b) only]
Explanation:
Most hand sanitizers are alcohol-based and therefore flammable, but they do not work against bacterial spores, so only statement (b) is true.
24.
(1) Natural polymer – DNA
(2) Synthetic polymer – PVC
(3) Addition polymerisation – Loss of H₂O, HCl, NH₃
(4) Condensation polymerisation – Monomer addition
Group 2A Mains Re-Exam 2026
Choose the correct answer:(1) Natural polymer – DNA
(2) Synthetic polymer – PVC
(3) Addition polymerisation – Loss of H₂O, HCl, NH₃
(4) Condensation polymerisation – Monomer addition
Correct Answer: C [(1) and (2) are correct]
Explanation:
DNA is a natural polymer and PVC a synthetic polymer, while addition polymerisation involves no loss of small molecules, so (1) and (2) are correct.
25.
(1) Polycarbonate – Lucite
(2) Polyurethane – Lexan
(3) Polytetrafluoroethylene – Teflon
(4) Polyamide – Nylon
Group 2A Mains (Revoked) 2026
Choose the right matches:(1) Polycarbonate – Lucite
(2) Polyurethane – Lexan
(3) Polytetrafluoroethylene – Teflon
(4) Polyamide – Nylon
Correct Answer: D [(3) and (4) are correct]
Explanation:
Polytetrafluoroethylene is Teflon and polyamide is nylon, whereas Lucite is PMMA and Lexan is polycarbonate, so (3) and (4) are correct.
26.
(i) Cellulose nitrate – 35 mm motion picture film
(ii) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone – Additive for dyes
(iii) Polystyrene – Substitute for blood plasma
(iv) Polymethyl methacrylate – X-ray film
Group 2A Mains Re-Exam 2026
Which of the following is incorrectly paired?(i) Cellulose nitrate – 35 mm motion picture film
(ii) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone – Additive for dyes
(iii) Polystyrene – Substitute for blood plasma
(iv) Polymethyl methacrylate – X-ray film
Correct Answer: C [(iii) and (iv) only]
Explanation:
Cellulose nitrate in motion picture film and PVP as an additive in dyes and cosmetics are correct, but the pairings in (iii) and (iv) are wrong.
27.
(i) Silicone rubber – inert to body fluids
(ii) Plasticizer – makes plastics brittle
(iii) Laminate – blend of adhesive and adherend
(iv) Filler – improves mechanical properties
Group 2A Mains 2025
Which of the following is incorrectly paired?(i) Silicone rubber – inert to body fluids
(ii) Plasticizer – makes plastics brittle
(iii) Laminate – blend of adhesive and adherend
(iv) Filler – improves mechanical properties
Correct Answer: B [(ii) only]
Explanation:
Plasticizers make plastics soft and flexible, not brittle, so pair (ii) is incorrect.
28.
Group 2A Mains (Revoked) 2026
Choose the plastic obtained from renewable plant resources such as corn (or) sugarcane.Correct Answer: A [Polylactic acid]
Explanation:
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable plastic made from renewable plant sources such as corn starch and sugarcane.
29.
(i) Cadmium sulphide
(ii) Barium sulphate
(iii) Cadmium chloride
(iv) Cadmium sulphate
Health Officer 2023
Cadmopone is a mixture of which of the following?(i) Cadmium sulphide
(ii) Barium sulphate
(iii) Cadmium chloride
(iv) Cadmium sulphate
Correct Answer: A [(i) and (ii) only]
Explanation:
Cadmopone is a pigment made of cadmium sulphide and barium sulphate.
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