General Science PYQ – Classification of Living Organisms and Cell Biology

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General Science PYQ – Classification of Living Organisms and Cell Biology – 36 questions, subject: Science. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  
Reporter 2022
Life is a physico chemical entity which exhibits

Correct Answer: D [All the above]

Explanation:

Life is a physico-chemical entity showing growth, reproduction, irritability, locomotion and metabolism, so all the options apply.

2.  
PSY 2022
When a bacterium is placed in nutrient solution if it moves positively towards the nutrient solution and the phenomenon is said to be what?

Correct Answer: C [Chemotaxis]

Explanation:

Movement of an organism towards or away from chemicals is chemotaxis, and a bacterium moving towards nutrient solution shows positive chemotaxis.

3.  
AAO & AHO 2024
_____ show both living and non-living characteristics.

Correct Answer: B [Virus]

Explanation:

Viruses show living characters inside host cells (multiplication) but behave as non-living crystallisable particles outside, so they show both characteristics.

4.  
AJ 2023
Father of Zoology is

Correct Answer: A [Aristotle]

Explanation:

Aristotle, who first studied and classified animals systematically, is called the Father of Zoology.

5.  
Asst. Professor (Psychology) 2023
The system of classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus is

Correct Answer: D [Artificial system]

Explanation:

Linnaeus classified plants using a few external features like stamens and pistils, so his system is an artificial system of classification.

6.  
ADGS 2021
The system of animal classification used nowadays is

Correct Answer: C [Natural classification]

Explanation:

Animals are now classified on many features such as structure, embryology and evolutionary relationships, which is the natural system of classification.

7.  
Group 4 2025
Choose the right matches among the following:
(1) Five Kingdom System – R.H. Whittaker
(2) Six Kingdom System – Carl Woese, et al
(3) Four Kingdom System – Carl Linnaeus
(4) Three Kingdom System – Ernst Haeckel

Correct Answer: B [(1), (2) and (4) are correct]

Explanation:

Whittaker proposed five kingdoms, Woese et al six kingdoms and Haeckel three kingdoms, but the four kingdom system was Copeland's, so (3) is wrong.

8.  
Mass Interviewer 2023
The lowest category in Taxonomic hierarchy is

Correct Answer: D [Species]

Explanation:

In the taxonomic hierarchy the species is the basic and lowest category.

9.  
GSHA 2021
The taxonomy which involves the similarities and dissimilarities among the immune system of different taxa is termed as

Correct Answer: C [Serotaxonomy]

Explanation:

Serotaxonomy classifies organisms by similarities and differences in their immune responses (antigen-antibody reactions).

10.  
Veterinary Assistant 2023
The prokaryotes are included in the kingdom

Correct Answer: B [Monera]

Explanation:

Prokaryotes such as bacteria, cyanobacteria and mycoplasma, lacking a nuclear membrane, are placed in kingdom Monera.

11.  
Group 1 2021
Single cell Eukaryotes are included in

Correct Answer: C [Protista]

Explanation:

Single-celled eukaryotes such as Amoeba, Paramecium and Euglena belong to kingdom Protista.

12.  
CTS (ITI Posts) 2024
Identify the correctly matched pairs:
(1) Bacteria – Prokaryote
(2) Protista – Mushroom
(3) Plantae – Angiosperm
(4) Animalia – Mycoplasma

Correct Answer: A [(1) and (3)]

Explanation:

Bacteria are prokaryotes and angiosperms belong to Plantae, whereas mushroom is a fungus and Mycoplasma belongs to Monera, so (1) and (3) are correct.

13.  
VAS AHGS 2020
Match the correct pair

Correct Answer: D [Virus – Hepatitis-B]

Explanation:

Hepatitis-B is caused by a virus, whereas Euglena is a protist, Penicillium a fungus and Anthoceros a bryophyte, so Virus - Hepatitis-B is the correct pair.

14.  
Asst. Professor (Psychology) 2023
Identify the incorrect statement with reference to Prokaryotic cell.

Correct Answer: D [Presence of membrane bound organelles like chloroplast and mitochondria]

Explanation:

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, so that statement is incorrect.

15.  
Junior Analyst 2023
The largest organelle within a eukaryotic cell is

Correct Answer: C [Nucleus]

Explanation:

The nucleus, discovered by Robert Brown in 1831, is the largest organelle of a eukaryotic cell.

16.  
AAO & AHO 2024
"Power House of the Cell" or ATP factory of the cell is

Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria]

Explanation:

Mitochondria oxidise food to produce ATP, so they are called the power house of the cell.

17.  
Group 1B/1C 2024
Assertion [A]: Mitochondria are called power house of the cell.
Reason [R]: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in mitochondria.

Correct Answer: B [Both [A] and [R] are true, [R] is the correct explanation of [A]]

Explanation:

Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria produces most of the cell's ATP, which is why they are called its power house, so R explains A.

18.  
GSASO 2020
What would happen if lysosomes get ruptured inside the cell in which they are present?

Correct Answer: A [Cells will die]

Explanation:

Lysosomes contain powerful hydrolytic enzymes, so if they rupture inside the cell the enzymes digest the cell and it dies, hence the name suicide bags.

19.  
Reporter 2022
The zig-zag movement of colloidal particles of cytoplasmic matrix is called

Correct Answer: C [Brownian movement]

Explanation:

The random zig-zag movement of colloidal particles in cytoplasm caused by molecular collisions is Brownian movement.

20.  
Geology Service 2023
In meiosis, recombination occurs in

Correct Answer: B [Prophase I]

Explanation:

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis causes genetic recombination.

21.  
CTS (Interview Posts) 2024
During which stage of meiosis crossing over occurs

Correct Answer: C [Pachytene]

Explanation:

Crossing over occurs at the pachytene stage of prophase I, while chiasmata become visible in diplotene.

22.  
Accounts Officer (Treasury) 2022
Name the steroid found in yeast.

Correct Answer: C [Ergosterol]

Explanation:

Ergosterol is the steroid found in yeast and fungi, and UV light converts it to vitamin D2.

23.  
AD Social Welfare 2022
Hemocyanin is

Correct Answer: B [Cu-containing protein]

Explanation:

Hemocyanin is a copper-containing respiratory protein in the blood of molluscs and some arthropods, turning blue when oxygenated.

24.  
Accounts Officer (Treasury) 2022
The sugar found in insect haemolymph is

Correct Answer: C [Trehalose]

Explanation:

Trehalose, a disaccharide of two glucose units, is the main sugar of insect haemolymph and gives quick energy to flight muscles.

25.  
Asst. Professor (Psychology) 2023
In the body wall of ascaris, the correct sequence of layers from outside towards inner side is

Correct Answer: A [Cuticle, epidermis, longitudinal muscles]

Explanation:

The Ascaris body wall has cuticle, then epidermis, then only longitudinal muscles, since roundworms lack circular muscles.

26.  
Group 2 2022
Match correctly the common name with the Genus name of nematode parasites:
(a) Ancylostoma – 1. Whip worm
(b) Enterobius – 2. Hook worm
(c) Wuchereria – 3. Pin worm
(d) Trichuris – 4. Filarial worm

Correct Answer: B [2 3 4 1]

Explanation:

Ancylostoma is hookworm, Enterobius pinworm, Wuchereria filarial worm and Trichuris whipworm, giving 2 3 4 1.

27.  
Group 1 2022
Match the organism correctly with their corresponding order:
(a) Apis – 1. Haplotaxidea
(b) Leech – 2. Cyclophyllidea
(c) Earthworm – 3. Hirudinea
(d) Taenia – 4. Hymenoptera

Correct Answer: D [4 3 1 2]

Explanation:

Apis belongs to Hymenoptera, leech to Hirudinea, earthworm to Haplotaxida and Taenia to Cyclophyllidea, giving 4 3 1 2.

28.  
Road Inspector 2023
Among the following animals, whose saliva contains the bio-chemical substance used for the preparation of pharmaceutical drugs that can treat hypertension.

Correct Answer: D [Hirudinaria granulosa]

Explanation:

The leech Hirudinaria granulosa has saliva containing hirudin, an anticoagulant used in drugs for conditions such as hypertension.

29.  
PSY 2022
The number of Nephridia present in the excretory system of amphioxus is

Correct Answer: C [90 pairs]

Explanation:

Amphioxus, a primitive chordate, has about 90 pairs of protonephridia in its excretory system.

30.  
Field Surveyor 2022
Jawless vertebrates are

Correct Answer: C [Cyclostomes]

Explanation:

Cyclostomes such as lamprey and hagfish are jawless vertebrates with a circular sucking mouth.

31.  
Asst. Professor (Psychology) 2023
Which of the following statement will fit for Lamprey?
(i) Lives in sea and migrates to the rivers for spawning
(ii) Endoparasites
(iii) Jawless animal

Correct Answer: C [(i) and (iii) only]

Explanation:

Lampreys are jawless and migrate from sea to rivers to spawn, but they are ectoparasites on fishes, not endoparasites, so (i) and (iii) fit.

32.  
Library Service 2023
Brood pouch is found in

Correct Answer: A [Male seahorse]

Explanation:

In the seahorse the female lays eggs in the male's brood pouch, and the male incubates them and releases the young.

33.  
ARGS 2020
_____ is not a living Amphibia.

Correct Answer: B [Eryops]

Explanation:

Eryops is an extinct fossil amphibian, whereas Siphonops, Hynobius and Triton are living amphibians.

34.  
GSHA 2021
Choose the character not present in reptiles among the following,
(1) Mesonephric kidney
(2) Scales
(3) Uricotelic
(4) Warm blooded animal

Correct Answer: D [(1) and (4)]

Explanation:

Reptiles have scales and are uricotelic, but they have a metanephric kidney and are cold-blooded, so (1) and (4) are not present.

35.  
Executive Officer Gr. IV (HR&CE) 2022
_____ is the unique characteristic feature of mammals.

Correct Answer: D [Placenta]

Explanation:

Among the options, the placenta, which nourishes the embryo through a mother-foetus tissue link, is the characteristic feature of (eutherian) mammals.

36.  
Group 1B/1C 2024
Which one of the following is a living fossil?

Correct Answer: D [Platypus]

Explanation:

The platypus, an egg-laying mammal that retains primitive features and has changed little, is a living fossil.

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