UPSC Post-Independence India – Chapter 15: The Emergency and the Janata Experiment (21 MCQs)

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UPSC Post-Independence India – Chapter 15: The Emergency and the Janata Experiment (21 MCQs) – 21 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The Emergency of 25 June 1975 was proclaimed by President:

Correct Answer: D [Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed]

Explanation:

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, President 1974–77, signed the proclamation of 25 June 1975 on Indira Gandhi's advice.

2.  

The ground for the Emergency of 1975 was:

Correct Answer: B [internal disturbance]

Explanation:

The 25 June 1975 proclamation under Article 352 cited a grave threat to security from internal disturbance.

3.  

Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the:

Correct Answer: C [42nd Amendment]

Explanation:

Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.

4.  

The judge who dissented in the ADM Jabalpur case was:

Correct Answer: A [H.R. Khanna]

Explanation:

Justice H.R. Khanna alone held that Article 21 could not be bypassed; he was later superseded for Chief Justice in 1977.

5.  

The Congress for Democracy was formed in February 1977 by:

Correct Answer: D [Jagjivan Ram]

Explanation:

Jagjivan Ram quit the Congress on 2 February 1977 and formed the Congress for Democracy with H.N. Bahuguna and Nandini Satpathy.

6.  

The first non-Congress Prime Minister of India was:

Correct Answer: D [Morarji Desai]

Explanation:

Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress Prime Minister of India on 24 March 1977.

7.  

The Commission that inquired into the excesses of the Emergency was headed by:

Correct Answer: A [J.C. Shah]

Explanation:

Former Chief Justice J.C. Shah headed the Commission of Inquiry appointed in 1977 to probe Emergency excesses.

8.  

Under the 44th Amendment, which Articles cannot be suspended during an Emergency?

Correct Answer: D [Articles 20 and 21]

Explanation:

The 44th Amendment provided that Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended under Article 359 even during an Emergency.

9.  

In the 1977 election, Indira Gandhi lost Rae Bareli to:

Correct Answer: C [Raj Narain]

Explanation:

Raj Narain, whose petition had unseated her in 1975, defeated Indira Gandhi at Rae Bareli in March 1977.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. The 42nd Amendment added the words "socialist" and "secular" to the Preamble.
2. The Janata Party was formed by the merger of several opposition parties in 1977.
3. The 44th Amendment extended the term of the Lok Sabha to six years.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are true; statement 3 is false because the 44th Amendment restored the five-year term.

11.  

Assertion (A): The 44th Amendment replaced "internal disturbance" with "armed rebellion" in Article 352.

Reason (R): The Janata government wanted to prevent misuse of emergency powers as in 1975.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

The Janata government narrowed the ground to 'armed rebellion' precisely to stop a repeat of the 1975 misuse, so R explains A.

12.  

The 20-point programme was announced in:

Correct Answer: D [July 1975]

Explanation:

The 20-point programme was announced on 1 July 1975, during the Emergency.

13.  

Opposition leaders were detained during the Emergency mainly under:

Correct Answer: C [MISA]

Explanation:

The Maintenance of Internal Security Act (1971) was the main law used to detain JP, Morarji Desai and other opposition leaders.

14.  

The Committee whose advice led to the addition of Fundamental Duties was chaired by:

Correct Answer: D [Swaran Singh]

Explanation:

The Swaran Singh Committee (1976) recommended Fundamental Duties, added as Article 51A by the 42nd Amendment.

15.  

Charan Singh became Prime Minister in July 1979 and:

Correct Answer: B [resigned without facing the Lok Sabha]

Explanation:

Charan Singh resigned on 20 August 1979 when the Congress withdrew support, before the Lok Sabha could hold a confidence vote.

16.  

The Ashok Mehta Committee (1977–78) recommended:

Correct Answer: B [two-tier Panchayati Raj]

Explanation:

The Ashok Mehta Committee proposed a two-tier system of Zila Parishad at district level and Mandal Panchayat below it.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Allahabad High Court verdict against Indira Gandhi
2. 42nd Amendment
3. 44th Amendment
4. Morarji Desai becomes Prime Minister

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [1-2-4-3]

Explanation:

Order: Allahabad High Court verdict against Indira Gandhi (1975) → 42nd Amendment (1976) → Morarji Desai becomes Prime Minister (1977) → 44th Amendment (1978).

18.  

The ADM Jabalpur case concerned:

Correct Answer: C [the right of detenus to seek habeas corpus during the Emergency]

Explanation:

The Court held 4–1 that detenus could not seek habeas corpus while the right to enforce Article 21 stood suspended.

19.  

The Bharatiya Lok Dal, which merged into the Janata Party, was led by:

Correct Answer: B [Charan Singh]

Explanation:

Charan Singh founded and led the Bharatiya Lok Dal (1974), which merged into the Janata Party in 1977.

20.  

The DMK government in Tamil Nadu was dismissed during the Emergency on:

Correct Answer: A [31 January 1976]

Explanation:

The Karunanidhi-led DMK government, which opposed the Emergency, was dismissed under Article 356 on 31 January 1976.

21.  
UPSC Prelims 2024

Consider the following pairs:

Party : Its Leader

1. Bharatiya Jana Sangh : Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
2. Socialist Party : C. Rajagopalachari
3. Congress for Democracy : Jagjivan Ram
4. Swatantra Party : Acharya Narendra Dev

How many of the above are correctly matched?

Correct Answer: B [Only two]

Explanation:

pairs 1 and 3 are correct; Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party, and Narendra Dev was a Socialist leader.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U04 · Post-Independence India (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-post-independence-india

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