UPSC Post-Independence India – Chapter 8: Land Reforms, Bhoodan and the Green Revolution (22 MCQs)
UPSC Post-Independence India – Chapter 8: Land Reforms, Bhoodan and the Green Revolution (22 MCQs) – 21 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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The Congress Agrarian Reforms Committee of 1949 was chaired by:
Correct Answer: C [J.C. Kumarappa]
Explanation:
The Congress Agrarian Reforms Committee of 1949 was headed by the Gandhian economist J.C. Kumarappa.
Which part of land reform was the most successful across India?
Correct Answer: A [Abolition of intermediaries]
Explanation:
Zamindari and other intermediary tenures were abolished in almost every State by the late 1950s, unlike tenancy and ceiling reforms.
Article 31B and the Ninth Schedule were added to the Constitution by the:
Correct Answer: D [First Amendment]
Explanation:
1951.
After the 44th Amendment, the right to property is a legal right under:
Correct Answer: B [Article 300A]
Explanation:
The 44th Amendment (1978) deleted Articles 19(1)(f) and 31 and inserted Article 300A, making property a constitutional legal right.
Operation Barga, which recorded the rights of sharecroppers, was carried out in:
Correct Answer: D [West Bengal]
Explanation:
1978.
The Bhoodan movement was started by:
Correct Answer: C [Acharya Vinoba Bhave]
Explanation:
Vinoba Bhave began Bhoodan at Pochampalli, Nalgonda district, on 18 April 1951, when a landowner gifted land to landless families.
Under Gramdan:
Correct Answer: A [the land of the whole village was vested in the village community]
Explanation:
In Gramdan the whole village gave its land to the village community, which held it collectively.
Dwarf wheat varieties that formed the base of the Green Revolution in India were developed in Mexico by:
Correct Answer: C [Norman Borlaug]
Explanation:
Nobel Peace Prize, 1970.
Consider the following statements:
1. The Food Corporation of India and the Agricultural Prices Commission were both set up in 1965.
2. The Intensive Agricultural District Programme began before the High-Yielding Varieties Programme.
3. The Green Revolution first spread mainly in the rain-fed eastern States.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]
Explanation:
FCI and APC both date from 1965, and IADP (1960–61) preceded the HYV Programme (1966); statement 3 is wrong.
Assertion (A): The First Amendment of 1951 placed land reform laws in the Ninth Schedule.
Reason (R): Courts had struck down land reform laws as violating fundamental rights.
Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]
Explanation:
Courts, notably the Patna High Court, struck down land laws, so the First Amendment created the Ninth Schedule to shield them.
Land reform falls in which list of the Seventh Schedule?
Correct Answer: C [State List]
Explanation:
each State made its own laws.
Which of the following crops gained least from the early Green Revolution?
Correct Answer: D [Pulses]
Explanation:
The HYV package centred on wheat and rice; rain-fed pulses received little new technology, so their output lagged.
IR8 was a high-yielding variety of:
Correct Answer: D [rice]
Explanation:
IR8, the 'miracle rice', was released by IRRI in the Philippines in 1966 and introduced in India the same year.
The Patna High Court case of 1951 that struck down the Bihar land reform law was:
Correct Answer: A [Kameshwar Singh v. State of Bihar]
Explanation:
In Kameshwar Singh v. State of Bihar (1951) the Patna High Court held the Bihar Land Reforms Act violated Article 14.
Which of the following was a major reason for the weak results of ceiling laws?
Correct Answer: B [Benami transfers and exemptions]
Explanation:
Landowners evaded ceilings by benami and fictitious transfers and by exemptions such as orchards and plantations, leaving little surplus.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
1. Bhoodan begins at Pochampalli
2. Madras Estates (Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari) Act
3. Food Corporation of India set up
4. Kumarappa Committee report
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer: C [2-4-1-3]
Explanation:
1948, 1949, 1951, 1965.
Consolidation of holdings was most successful in:
Correct Answer: B [Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh]
Explanation:
Consolidation of scattered plots was carried out most thoroughly in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh.
The Green Revolution's ecological costs include:
Correct Answer: A [overuse of groundwater and soil degradation]
Explanation:
Intensive irrigation and heavy chemical inputs led to falling water tables and degraded soils, especially in Punjab and Haryana.
C. Subramaniam is remembered for his role as:
Correct Answer: B [Union Food and Agriculture Minister who led the new agricultural strategy]
Explanation:
1964–67.
Which one of the following places was associated with Acharya Vinoba Bhave's Bhoodan Movement at the beginning of the movement?
Correct Answer: C [Pochampalli]
Explanation:
the movement began at Pochampalli, Nalgonda, on 18 April 1951.
Consider the following high yielding varieties of crops in India:
1. Arjun
2. Jaya
3. Padma
4. Sonalika
Which of these are of wheat?
Correct Answer: C [1 and 4]
Explanation:
Arjun and Sonalika are wheat varieties.
➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U04 · Post-Independence India (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-post-independence-india
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