UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 6: Constitutional and Administrative Developments 1773–1858 (22 MCQs)

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UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 6: Constitutional and Administrative Developments 1773–1858 (22 MCQs) – 22 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The first Governor-General of Bengal under the Regulating Act was:

Correct Answer: B [Warren Hastings]

Explanation:

The Regulating Act 1773 named Warren Hastings, then Governor of Bengal, the first Governor-General of Bengal with a Council of four.

2.  

The Board of Control was created by:

Correct Answer: A [Pitt's India Act 1784]

Explanation:

Pitt's India Act 1784 set up the Board of Control for political affairs, leaving commerce to the Court of Directors.

3.  

The Supreme Court at Calcutta was set up under the Regulating Act with its first Chief Justice as:

Correct Answer: A [Elijah Impey]

Explanation:

Sir Elijah Impey was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at Calcutta, set up in 1774 under the Regulating Act.

4.  

The Charter Act that set aside Rs 1 lakh a year for education was the Act of:

Correct Answer: D [1813]

Explanation:

The Charter Act 1813 set aside Rs 1 lakh a year for education, the first such commitment by the Company.

5.  

The Company ceased to be a commercial body under the Charter Act of:

Correct Answer: A [1833]

Explanation:

The Charter Act 1833 ended the Company's remaining trade, including the China and tea monopoly, making it a purely administrative body.

6.  

The Charter Act of 1853 is known for:

Correct Answer: B [separating the legislative and executive functions of the Governor-General's Council]

Explanation:

The Charter Act 1853 added legislative members to the Council, separating its legislative work from executive functions for the first time.

7.  

Under the Government of India Act 1858, the Secretary of State for India was assisted by a Council of:

Correct Answer: D [fifteen members]

Explanation:

The Government of India Act 1858 gave the Secretary of State for India a Council of India of fifteen members.

8.  

The first Viceroy of India was:

Correct Answer: A [Lord Canning]

Explanation:

Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India in 1858, when the Crown took over from the Company.

9.  

The separation of revenue collection from the administration of justice is associated with:

Correct Answer: C [Lord Cornwallis]

Explanation:

Lord Cornwallis separated revenue collection from the administration of justice through the Cornwallis Code of 1793.

10.  

Consider the following about the Regulating Act 1773:

1. It made the Governors of Bombay and Madras subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal.
2. It created the Board of Control.
3. It forbade Company servants from private trade and accepting presents.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]

Explanation:

The Regulating Act subordinated Bombay and Madras to Bengal and banned private trade and presents; the Board of Control came in 1784.

11.  

Assertion (A): The Government of India Act 1858 abolished the Board of Control and the Court of Directors.

Reason (R): The Act transferred the government of India from the Company to the British Crown.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Because the Act transferred India's government to the Crown, the Company's Board of Control and Court of Directors were no longer needed.

12.  

The Indian Penal Code, drafted by the Law Commission headed by Macaulay, was enacted in:

Correct Answer: C [1860]

Explanation:

The Indian Penal Code, drafted by the First Law Commission under Macaulay, was enacted in 1860 after the Crown takeover.

13.  

The power of the Governor-General to override his Council in special cases was first given by the:

Correct Answer: D [Act of 1786]

Explanation:

The Act of 1786, passed for Cornwallis, let the Governor-General override his Council in special cases and be Commander-in-Chief.

14.  

Open competition for the civil services was introduced by the:

Correct Answer: C [Charter Act 1853]

Explanation:

The Charter Act 1853 threw the Company's civil services open to competition, with Indians also eligible to compete.

15.  

The diwani and faujdari adalats in the districts were first set up by:

Correct Answer: A [Warren Hastings]

Explanation:

Warren Hastings first set up diwani (civil) and faujdari (criminal) adalats in the districts in 1772.

16.  

The system of "dual control" over Indian affairs was created by:

Correct Answer: D [Pitt's India Act]

Explanation:

Pitt's India Act (1784) created dual control, with a Board of Control for the Crown and the Court of Directors for the Company.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Charter Act creating the Governor-General of India
2. Pitt's India Act
3. Government of India Act ending Company rule
4. Regulating Act

Select the correct answer:

Correct Answer: C [4-2-1-3]

Explanation:

Order: Regulating Act (1773) → Pitt's India Act (1784) → Charter Act creating the Governor-General of India (1833) → Government of India Act ending Company rule (1858).

18.  

Which of the following were provisions of the Charter Act 1833?

1. The Governor-General of Bengal became the Governor-General of India.
2. A Law Member was added to the Governor-General's Council.
3. A Secretary of State for India was created.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: D [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct; the Secretary of State for India was created later, by the Government of India Act 1858.

19.  

In Cornwallis's police system, each district was divided into:

Correct Answer: D [thanas under a daroga]

Explanation:

Cornwallis divided each district into thanas, each headed by a daroga under the supervision of the district authorities.

20.  

Christian missionaries were allowed to work in India under the:

Correct Answer: B [Charter Act 1813]

Explanation:

The Charter Act 1813 permitted Christian missionaries to come to India and spread their religion.

21.  
UPSC Prelims 2023

By which one of the following Acts was the Governor General of Bengal designated as the Governor General of India?

Correct Answer: D [The Charter Act of 1833]

Explanation:

Lord William Bentinck became the first Governor-General of India.

22.  
UPSC Prelims 2019

Consider the following statements about 'the Charter Act of 1813':

1. It ended the trade monopoly of the East India Company in India except for trade in tea and trade with China.
2. It asserted the sovereignty of the British Crown over the Indian territories held by the Company.
3. The revenues of India were now controlled by the British Parliament.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: A [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct; statement 3 is wrong because the 1813 Act did not place India's revenues under Parliament's control.

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