UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 17: Gandhi's Early Satyagrahas and the Rowlatt Agitation (23 MCQs)

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UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 17: Gandhi's Early Satyagrahas and the Rowlatt Agitation (23 MCQs) – 23 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

Gandhi was invited to Champaran by:

Correct Answer: A [Rajkumar Shukla]

Explanation:

Rajkumar Shukla, a Champaran indigo cultivator, met Gandhi at the 1916 Lucknow Congress and persuaded him to visit Champaran.

2.  

The "tinkathia" system in Champaran required peasants to:

Correct Answer: B [grow indigo on 3/20 of their land]

Explanation:

Under tinkathia, planters forced peasants to grow indigo on three out of every twenty parts (kathas) of their land.

3.  

Gandhi's first hunger strike in India was during the:

Correct Answer: A [Ahmedabad mill strike]

Explanation:

Gandhi undertook his first hunger strike in India during the Ahmedabad mill strike of 1918.

4.  

Hind Swaraj was written by Gandhi in:

Correct Answer: D [1909]

Explanation:

Gandhi wrote Hind Swaraj in Gujarati in 1909 aboard the ship Kildonan Castle, returning from London to South Africa.

5.  

The Rowlatt Act allowed the Government to:

Correct Answer: A [imprison people without trial]

Explanation:

The Act let the Government detain political suspects without trial, for up to two years, on mere suspicion.

6.  

The officer who ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh was:

Correct Answer: B [Reginald Dyer]

Explanation:

Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer led the troops into Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919 and ordered them to fire.

7.  

The Kheda Satyagraha (1918) was about:

Correct Answer: C [remission of land revenue after crop failure]

Explanation:

After crop failure in 1918, Kheda peasants demanded remission of land revenue, as the rules allowed when yield fell below a quarter.

8.  

In protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Rabindranath Tagore:

Correct Answer: B [gave up his knighthood]

Explanation:

Tagore wrote to Viceroy Chelmsford on 30 May 1919 renouncing the knighthood conferred on him in 1915.

9.  

Gandhi's journal in South Africa was:

Correct Answer: C [Indian Opinion]

Explanation:

Gandhi started Indian Opinion in 1903 in South Africa to voice the grievances of Indians there.

10.  

Consider the following about the Ahmedabad mill strike:

1. It took place in 1918.
2. Anasuya Sarabhai supported the workers.
3. It was against the Rowlatt Act.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

The 1918 strike was a wage dispute in which Anasuya Sarabhai backed the workers; it had nothing to do with the Rowlatt Act.

11.  

Assertion (A): The Rowlatt Satyagraha was the first all-India struggle led by Gandhi.

Reason (R): Gandhi used the Home Rule Leagues and pan-Islamist groups to carry the protest to all parts of India, beyond the local issues of Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Earlier struggles were local; using Home Rule Leagues and pan-Islamist networks gave the Rowlatt protest its all-India reach.

12.  

Gandhi described his launch of mass satyagraha in 1919 before people were ready as a:

Correct Answer: D [Himalayan miscalculation]

Explanation:

Gandhi called launching mass civil disobedience before people were trained in non-violence a 'Himalayan miscalculation'.

13.  

The two leaders whose arrest at Amritsar on 10 April 1919 led to protests were:

Correct Answer: A [Dr Satyapal and Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew]

Explanation:

The arrest and deportation of Satyapal and Kitchlew from Amritsar on 10 April 1919 led to the protest meeting of 13 April.

14.  

Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress in:

Correct Answer: D [1894]

Explanation:

Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress in Durban in 1894 to fight discrimination against Indians in Natal.

15.  

The leader who joined Gandhi in the Kheda Satyagraha and later led Bardoli was:

Correct Answer: D [Vallabhbhai Patel]

Explanation:

Vallabhbhai Patel joined Gandhi in Kheda in 1918 and led the Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928, earning the title Sardar.

16.  

The official inquiry into the Punjab disturbances of 1919 was conducted by the:

Correct Answer: B [Hunter Committee]

Explanation:

The Government of India appointed the Hunter Committee (Disorders Inquiry Committee) in October 1919 to inquire into the Punjab disturbances.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
2. Ahmedabad mill strike
3. Champaran Satyagraha
4. Passing of the Rowlatt Act

Select the correct answer:

Correct Answer: C [3-2-4-1]

Explanation:

Order: Champaran Satyagraha (1917) → Ahmedabad mill strike (1918) → Passing of the Rowlatt Act (March 1919) → Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April 1919).

18.  

Which of the following protested against the Punjab atrocities of 1919?

1. Rabindranath Tagore
2. C. Sankaran Nair
3. Michael O'Dwyer

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: D [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Tagore and C. Sankaran Nair protested against the Punjab atrocities of 1919, while Michael O'Dwyer was the Lieutenant-Governor responsible for them.

19.  

The Phoenix Settlement was set up by Gandhi near:

Correct Answer: A [Durban]

Explanation:

Gandhi set up the Phoenix Settlement in 1904 near Durban in Natal, inspired by Ruskin's Unto This Last.

20.  

The nationwide hartal against the Rowlatt Act was observed on:

Correct Answer: C [6 April 1919]

Explanation:

Gandhi's call for a nationwide hartal against the Rowlatt Act was observed on 6 April 1919.

21.  
UPSC Prelims 2019

With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements:

1. Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of 'indentured labour'.
2. In Lord Chelmsford's 'War Conference', Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
3. Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]

Explanation:

Gandhi helped end indentured emigration, and the Congress was declared illegal in 1930 after the Salt Law breach; but he supported recruitment.

22.  
UPSC Prelims 2018

Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha?

Correct Answer: C [Joining of peasant unrest to India's National Movement]

Explanation:

Champaran brought the grievances of indigo peasants into the national movement under Gandhi's leadership, linking peasant unrest with nationalism.

23.  
UPSC Prelims 2015

With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the 'Sedition Committee'.
2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League.
3. Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

The Act followed the Sedition Committee's report and Gandhi used the Home Rule Leagues; the Simon Commission came only in 1928.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U03 · Modern Indian History (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-modern-indian-history

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