UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 20: Civil Disobedience and the Round Table Conferences (23 MCQs)

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UPSC Modern Indian History – Chapter 20: Civil Disobedience and the Round Table Conferences (23 MCQs) – 23 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

Gandhi began the Dandi March on 12 March 1930 from:

Correct Answer: B [Sabarmati Ashram]

Explanation:

Gandhi set out on foot from Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad, with 78 followers on 12 March 1930 and reached Dandi on 5 April.

2.  

Gandhi broke the salt law at Dandi on:

Correct Answer: A [6 April 1930]

Explanation:

On the morning of 6 April 1930, after reaching Dandi the previous day, Gandhi picked up a lump of natural salt, breaking the law.

3.  

The Khudai Khidmatgars were led by:

Correct Answer: D [Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan]

Explanation:

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, the Frontier Gandhi, founded and led the Khudai Khidmatgars or Red Shirts in the North-West Frontier.

4.  

After Gandhi's arrest, the raid on the Dharasana salt works was led by:

Correct Answer: D [Sarojini Naidu]

Explanation:

After Gandhi's arrest in May 1930 Sarojini Naidu led the non-violent raid on the Dharasana salt works in Gujarat.

5.  

The First Round Table Conference was held in:

Correct Answer: B [November 1930 – January 1931]

Explanation:

The First Round Table Conference met in London from November 1930 to January 1931, with the Congress absent.

6.  

The sole representative of the Congress at the Second Round Table Conference was:

Correct Answer: A [Mahatma Gandhi]

Explanation:

Under the Gandhi–Irwin Pact the Congress agreed to attend, and Gandhi went to London as its sole representative in 1931.

7.  

The Communal Award of 1932 was announced by:

Correct Answer: C [Ramsay MacDonald]

Explanation:

British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award on 16 August 1932, extending separate electorates to depressed classes.

8.  

The Karachi session of the Congress (1931) was presided over by:

Correct Answer: A [Vallabhbhai Patel]

Explanation:

Vallabhbhai Patel presided over the Karachi session of March 1931, which endorsed the Gandhi–Irwin Pact.

9.  

The salt march from Tiruchirappalli to Vedaranyam was led by:

Correct Answer: C [C. Rajagopalachari]

Explanation:

C. Rajagopalachari led the salt march from Tiruchirappalli to Vedaranyam on the Tanjore coast in April 1930.

10.  

Consider the following about the Gandhi–Irwin Pact (1931):

1. Political prisoners not convicted of violence were to be released.
2. The Government accepted an inquiry into police excesses.
3. People in coastal villages could make salt for their own use.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 3 were terms of the Pact; the inquiry into police excesses in statement 2 was refused.

11.  

Assertion (A): Gandhi chose the salt tax as the issue for civil disobedience in 1930.

Reason (R): The salt tax affected all sections of the people, especially the poor.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true: salt was chosen precisely because the tax fell on every Indian, especially the poor, so R explains A.

12.  

Soldiers of the Garhwal Rifles refused to fire on an unarmed crowd in 1930 at:

Correct Answer: B [Peshawar]

Explanation:

In April 1930 at Peshawar, soldiers of the Garhwal Rifles refused to fire on an unarmed crowd of Khudai Khidmatgar supporters.

13.  

The Poona Pact (1932), which ended Gandhi's fast in Yerwada jail, was signed on behalf of the depressed classes by:

Correct Answer: A [B.R. Ambedkar]

Explanation:

Dr B.R. Ambedkar negotiated and signed the Poona Pact for the depressed classes, ending Gandhi's fast in Yerwada jail.

14.  

Under the Poona Pact, the number of seats reserved for the depressed classes in the provincial legislatures was:

Correct Answer: D [148]

Explanation:

The Poona Pact raised the depressed classes' provincial seats from the Award's 71 to 148, within a joint electorate.

15.  

Rani Gaidinliu led a rising in the 1930s among the:

Correct Answer: A [Nagas]

Explanation:

Rani Gaidinliu led a Naga rising in Manipur and the Naga areas, and was arrested by the British in 1932.

16.  

The Karachi session of 1931 is remembered for its resolution on:

Correct Answer: D [Fundamental Rights and the National Economic Programme]

Explanation:

The Karachi session of March 1931 adopted the resolutions on Fundamental Rights and the National Economic Programme.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Gandhi–Irwin Pact
2. Dandi March
3. Poona Pact
4. First Round Table Conference

Select the correct answer:

Correct Answer: C [2-4-1-3]

Explanation:

March 1930, November 1930, March 1931, September 1932.

18.  

The Viceroy during the second phase of Civil Disobedience (1932–1934) was:

Correct Answer: D [Lord Willingdon]

Explanation:

Lord Willingdon, Viceroy from April 1931 to 1936, arrested Gandhi in January 1932 and crushed the second phase with ordinances.

19.  

Gandhi's fast in Yerwada jail in September 1932 was against:

Correct Answer: C [separate electorates for the depressed classes under the Communal Award]

Explanation:

Gandhi began his fast unto death on 20 September 1932 against separate electorates given to depressed classes by the Communal Award.

20.  

The Civil Disobedience Movement was finally withdrawn in:

Correct Answer: B [1934]

Explanation:

Civil Disobedience was formally withdrawn in 1934, after which the Congress turned to council elections.

21.  
UPSC Prelims 2025

“Sedition has become my religion” was the famous statement given by Gandhiji at the time of

Correct Answer: B [publicly violating Salt Law at Dandi]

Explanation:

Gandhi made the remark during the 1930 salt campaign, when he publicly broke the salt law at Dandi.

22.  
UPSC Prelims 2025

Subsequent to which one of the following events, Gandhiji, who consistently opposed untouchability and appealed for its eradication from all spheres, decided to include the upliftment of ‘Harijans’ in his political and social programme?

Correct Answer: A [The Poona Pact]

Explanation:

After the Poona Pact of September 1932 Gandhi founded the Harijan Sevak Sangh and the Harijan weekly and toured against untouchability.

23.  
UPSC Prelims 2021

Who among the following is associated with ‘Songs from Prison’, a translation of ancient Indian religious lyrics in English?

Correct Answer: C [Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]

Explanation:

In Yerwada jail in 1930 Gandhi translated Indian religious hymns and lyrics into English; they were published as Songs from Prison.

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