UPSC World History – Chapter 10: The Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union (20 MCQs)

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UPSC World History – Chapter 10: The Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The slogan "Peace, Land and Bread" was given by:

Correct Answer: C [Lenin]

Explanation:

April Theses.

2.  

The Bolsheviks were led by:

Correct Answer: D [Lenin]

Explanation:

Lenin led the Bolshevik ('majority') faction formed when the RSDLP split at its 1903 congress.

3.  

The October Revolution of 1917 overthrew:

Correct Answer: C [the Provisional Government]

Explanation:

On 25 October 1917 (7 November) the Bolsheviks seized the Winter Palace and overthrew Kerensky's Provisional Government.

4.  

The New Economic Policy was introduced by Lenin in:

Correct Answer: D [1921]

Explanation:

Lenin introduced the NEP at the Tenth Party Congress in March 1921, after War Communism led to famine and the Kronstadt revolt.

5.  

"Bloody Sunday" took place in:

Correct Answer: A [1905]

Explanation:

On 22 January 1905 (9 January Old Style) troops fired on Father Gapon's peaceful procession of workers in St Petersburg.

6.  

The USSR was formally established on:

Correct Answer: D [30 December 1922]

Explanation:

The Treaty on the Creation of the USSR was approved on 30 December 1922, uniting Russia, Ukraine, Belorussia and Transcaucasia.

7.  

The Red Army in the Russian Civil War was organised by:

Correct Answer: B [Trotsky]

Explanation:

As People's Commissar for War from 1918, Trotsky built the Red Army and led it to victory over the Whites.

8.  

Under War Communism:

Correct Answer: B [grain was requisitioned by force]

Explanation:

War Communism (1918–21) seized the peasants' surplus grain by forced requisition to feed the cities and the Red Army.

9.  

The first Five-Year Plan of the USSR began in:

Correct Answer: A [1928]

Explanation:

Stalin's First Five-Year Plan began in October 1928 and was declared fulfilled in 1932, with priority to heavy industry.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Under the NEP, the State kept control of heavy industry and banks.
2. The Kronstadt rebellion took place in 1921.
3. The NEP was introduced by Stalin.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Under the NEP the State kept heavy industry and banks, and Kronstadt rose in March 1921; the NEP was Lenin's, not Stalin's.

11.  

Assertion (A): The Provisional Government lost popular support in 1917.

Reason (R): It continued Russia's participation in the First World War.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Staying in the war brought defeats and shortages and delayed land reform, so support for the Provisional Government collapsed.

12.  

The Communist Party of India was formed by M.N. Roy and others in 1920 at:

Correct Answer: A [Tashkent]

Explanation:

M.N. Roy, Abani Mukherji and other émigrés founded the Communist Party of India at Tashkent on 17 October 1920.

13.  

The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party split into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks in:

Correct Answer: D [1903]

Explanation:

At its Second Congress in 1903 the RSDLP split into Lenin's Bolsheviks and Martov's Mensheviks.

14.  

The phrase "commanding heights" of the economy is associated with:

Correct Answer: A [the New Economic Policy]

Explanation:

Under the NEP the State kept the 'commanding heights' – heavy industry, banking, transport and foreign trade – while allowing small private enterprise.

15.  

Collective farms in the Soviet Union were called:

Correct Answer: B [kolkhozes]

Explanation:

Kolkhozes were collective farms formed by merging peasant holdings; sovkhozes were State farms run directly by the government.

16.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Formation of the USSR
2. Bloody Sunday
3. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
4. New Economic Policy

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [2-3-4-1]

Explanation:

1905, 1918, 1921, 1922.

17.  

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed between Soviet Russia and:

Correct Answer: C [Germany]

Explanation:

with its allies.

18.  

Who led the Provisional Government at the time of the October Revolution?

Correct Answer: B [Alexander Kerensky]

Explanation:

Alexander Kerensky headed the Provisional Government from July 1917 until the Bolsheviks overthrew it in October.

19.  

The Tsar's October Manifesto (1905) promised:

Correct Answer: C [an elected Duma]

Explanation:

The October Manifesto of 1905 granted civil liberties and an elected legislative Duma, which first met in 1906.

20.  

The first May Day in India was organised at Madras in 1923 by:

Correct Answer: D [M. Singaravelu]

Explanation:

M. Singaravelu organised India's first May Day at Madras on 1 May 1923 and founded the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U05 · World History (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-world-history

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