UPSC World History – Chapter 5: Nationalism in Europe and the Unification of Italy and Germany (20 MCQs)

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UPSC World History – Chapter 5: Nationalism in Europe and the Unification of Italy and Germany (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

Young Italy was founded in 1831 by:

Correct Answer: C [Giuseppe Mazzini]

Explanation:

Mazzini founded Young Italy at Marseilles in 1831 to work for a united, republican Italy; he is called the 'soul' of unification.

2.  

The Zollverein was:

Correct Answer: B [a customs union led by Prussia]

Explanation:

1834.

3.  

The German Empire was proclaimed in 1871 at:

Correct Answer: B [Versailles]

Explanation:

Hall of Mirrors.

4.  

The "Expedition of the Thousand" (1860) was led by:

Correct Answer: A [Garibaldi]

Explanation:

Garibaldi led about a thousand Red Shirt volunteers to Sicily in 1860, conquered Sicily and Naples and handed them to Victor Emmanuel II.

5.  

The phrase "blood and iron" is associated with:

Correct Answer: D [Bismarck]

Explanation:

In his 1862 speech as Minister-President of Prussia, Bismarck said the great questions of the day would be decided by blood and iron.

6.  

The Frankfurt Parliament (1848–49) offered the crown of a united Germany to:

Correct Answer: A [Frederick William IV of Prussia]

Explanation:

he refused it.

7.  

As a result of the Austro-Prussian War (1866), Italy gained:

Correct Answer: D [Venetia]

Explanation:

Italy fought as Prussia's ally in 1866; after Austria's defeat at Königgrätz, Venetia passed to the Kingdom of Italy.

8.  

The Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary was created in:

Correct Answer: D [1867]

Explanation:

Ausgleich.

9.  

France lost Alsace-Lorraine to Germany after the war of:

Correct Answer: A [1870–71]

Explanation:

Treaty of Frankfurt.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Greece won independence from the Ottoman Empire, recognised in 1832.
2. Belgium broke away from the Netherlands in 1830.
3. The revolutions of 1848 succeeded in uniting Germany.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct: Greek independence was recognised in 1832 and Belgium broke away in 1830; 1848 failed to unite Germany.

11.  

Assertion (A): Piedmont-Sardinia sent troops to the Crimean War.

Reason (R): Cavour wanted the support of Britain and France for Italian unification.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Cavour sent Piedmontese troops to the Crimean War in 1855 to win British and French goodwill, so R correctly explains A.

12.  

The Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed in:

Correct Answer: C [1861]

Explanation:

March 1861.

13.  

At the battle of Sedan (1870), the ruler captured by the Prussians was:

Correct Answer: D [Napoleon III]

Explanation:

Napoleon III, Emperor of the French, surrendered with his army at Sedan on 2 September 1870, which ended the Second Empire.

14.  

The Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century was often called:

Correct Answer: B [the sick man of Europe]

Explanation:

The phrase 'sick man of Europe', attributed to Tsar Nicholas I, described the declining Ottoman Empire losing ground to Balkan nationalism.

15.  

The Congress of Berlin (1878) recognised the independence of:

Correct Answer: D [Serbia, Montenegro and Romania]

Explanation:

After the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, the Congress of Berlin recognised Serbia, Montenegro and Romania as independent; Bulgaria became autonomous.

16.  

Who among the following resigned and fled during the revolutions of 1848?

Correct Answer: C [Metternich]

Explanation:

Metternich, the Austrian Chancellor and symbol of conservatism, resigned when revolution broke out in Vienna in March 1848 and fled to England.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Kingdom of Italy proclaimed
2. German Empire proclaimed
3. Greek independence recognised
4. Frankfurt Parliament meets

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [3-4-1-2]

Explanation:

1832, 1848, 1861, 1871.

18.  

The Seven Weeks' War of 1866 was fought between:

Correct Answer: A [Prussia and Austria]

Explanation:

The Austro-Prussian War of 1866 lasted about seven weeks; Prussia's victory at Königgrätz (Sadowa) excluded Austria from German affairs.

19.  

Which of the following was the leading State in the unification of Italy?

Correct Answer: B [Piedmont-Sardinia]

Explanation:

Piedmont-Sardinia, the independent kingdom of Victor Emmanuel II with Cavour as Prime Minister, led the unification of Italy.

20.  

Rome became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1870 when:

Correct Answer: D [French troops left during the Franco-Prussian War]

Explanation:

Rome became the capital in 1871.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U05 · World History (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-world-history

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