UPSC World History – Chapter 7: The Scramble for Africa (20 MCQs)

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UPSC World History – Chapter 7: The Scramble for Africa (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: History. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The Berlin Conference of 1884–85 was called by:

Correct Answer: A [Bismarck]

Explanation:

German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck convened the Berlin Conference (November 1884 to February 1885) to settle European claims in Africa.

2.  

Which African State defeated Italy at the battle of Adwa (1896)?

Correct Answer: C [Ethiopia]

Explanation:

Menelik II.

3.  

The Fashoda Incident (1898) involved:

Correct Answer: C [Britain and France]

Explanation:

At Fashoda (1898) Marchand's French force met Kitchener's British army on the Upper Nile, and France withdrew.

4.  

The system of "indirect rule" in Africa is associated with:

Correct Answer: B [Frederick Lugard]

Explanation:

Nigeria.

5.  

The Congo Free State was the personal possession of:

Correct Answer: C [Leopold II of Belgium]

Explanation:

The Berlin Conference recognised the Congo Free State as Leopold II's personal possession; Belgium annexed it only in 1908.

6.  

The Second Boer War was fought between Britain and:

Correct Answer: B [the Boer republics of Transvaal and Orange Free State]

Explanation:

The Second Boer War (1899–1902) pitted Britain against the Boer republics of Transvaal and Orange Free State, ending at Vereeniging.

7.  

The Maji Maji rising (1905–07) took place in:

Correct Answer: B [German East Africa]

Explanation:

The Maji Maji rising (1905–07), inspired by Kinjikitile, was against German rule in German East Africa, present-day Tanzania.

8.  

The National Congress of British West Africa (1920) was founded by:

Correct Answer: C [J.E. Casely Hayford]

Explanation:

Gold Coast lawyer J.E. Casely Hayford founded the National Congress of British West Africa in 1920 to demand elected representation.

9.  

The principle of "effective occupation" was laid down at the:

Correct Answer: D [Berlin Conference]

Explanation:

1884–85.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Britain occupied Egypt in 1882.
2. The Union of South Africa was formed in 1910.
3. Liberia was a German colony in 1914.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Britain occupied Egypt in 1882 and the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, while Liberia remained independent.

11.  

Assertion (A): Britain took a keen interest in Egypt after 1869.

Reason (R): The Suez Canal had become vital to Britain's sea route to India.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true and linked: the Suez Canal (1869) shortened the route to India, so Britain bought shares (1875) and occupied Egypt (1882).

12.  

The French policy that aimed to turn colonial subjects into French citizens through language and culture was called:

Correct Answer: A [assimilation]

Explanation:

Assimilation aimed to make Africans French in language and culture, though in practice only a small elite gained French citizenship.

13.  

The Mahdist State in Sudan was defeated by the British at:

Correct Answer: B [Omdurman]

Explanation:

1898.

14.  

Which of the following was NOT a German colony in Africa?

Correct Answer: A [Angola]

Explanation:

Portuguese.

15.  

The Pan-African Congress of 1945 was held at:

Correct Answer: D [Manchester]

Explanation:

The Pan-African Congress of 1945 met in Manchester, England, with Kwame Nkrumah and Jomo Kenyatta among those attending.

16.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Berlin Conference
2. Union of South Africa
3. Battle of Adwa
4. Opening of the Suez Canal

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [4-1-3-2]

Explanation:

1869, 1884–85, 1896, 1910.

17.  

The phrase "Cape to Cairo" is associated with:

Correct Answer: B [Cecil Rhodes]

Explanation:

Cecil Rhodes dreamed of an unbroken belt of British territory, linked by railway, from the Cape to Cairo.

18.  

The Herero and Nama risings of 1904–08 took place in present-day:

Correct Answer: D [Namibia]

Explanation:

German South West Africa.

19.  

Which treaty ended the Second Boer War?

Correct Answer: C [Treaty of Vereeniging]

Explanation:

1902.

20.  

Fourah Bay College (1827), which trained many of West Africa’s new elite, is in:

Correct Answer: D [Sierra Leone]

Explanation:

Fourah Bay College, founded in 1827 at Freetown in Sierra Leone, trained many West African clergymen, teachers and lawyers.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U05 · World History (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-world-history

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