UPSC Geography of India – Chapter 9: Lakes, Wetlands and Water Resources (26 MCQs)

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UPSC Geography of India – Chapter 9: Lakes, Wetlands and Water Resources (26 MCQs) – 26 questions, subject: Geography. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

Which river passes through Wular Lake?

Correct Answer: A [Jhelum]

Explanation:

Wular lies in the Kashmir valley near Bandipora, and the Jhelum flows into it and out of it.

2.  

Lonar Lake in Maharashtra is a:

Correct Answer: C [meteorite impact crater lake]

Explanation:

Lonar in Buldhana district fills a crater made by a meteorite impact on the Deccan basalt.

3.  

Kanwar Lake in Bihar was formed by a cut-off meander of the:

Correct Answer: B [Burhi Gandak]

Explanation:

Kanwar in Begusarai is an oxbow lake left when the Burhi Gandak cut off one of its meanders.

4.  

Floating masses of vegetation called "phumdis" are found in:

Correct Answer: D [Loktak Lake]

Explanation:

Loktak in Manipur carries floating mats of vegetation called phumdis, on which Keibul Lamjao National Park floats.

5.  

Kodaikanal Lake in Tamil Nadu is a:

Correct Answer: C [man-made lake]

Explanation:

Kodaikanal Lake in the Palani hills is artificial, created by damming streams in 1863.

6.  

India became a party to the Ramsar Convention in:

Correct Answer: B [1982]

Explanation:

India became a party to the Ramsar Convention in 1982, with Chilika and Keoladeo as its first sites.

7.  

The Maithon reservoir is located in:

Correct Answer: D [Jharkhand]

Explanation:

Maithon dam is on the Barakar, a tributary of the Damodar, in Jharkhand.

8.  

The Indira Sagar dam on the Narmada lies in:

Correct Answer: D [Madhya Pradesh]

Explanation:

Indira Sagar dam is on the Narmada in Madhya Pradesh, as the 2022 PYQ key confirms.

9.  

Sasthamkotta Lake is located in:

Correct Answer: B [Keralam]

Explanation:

Sasthamkotta, Keralam's largest freshwater lake and a Ramsar site, lies in Keralam.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. The Jhelum passes through Wular Lake.
2. Kolleru Lake lies between the Godavari and Krishna deltas.
3. The Krishna directly feeds Kolleru Lake.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

The Jhelum passes through Wular and Kolleru lies between the Godavari and Krishna deltas; only statement 3 is false.

11.  

Assertion (A): Groundwater levels are falling in much of Punjab and Haryana.

Reason (R): Pumping for water-intensive crops such as rice exceeds the natural recharge.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Pumping for water-intensive rice beyond natural recharge is exactly what lowers the water table in Punjab and Haryana.

12.  

India's share of the world's water resources is about:

Correct Answer: C [4 per cent]

Explanation:

NCERT gives India about 4 per cent of the world's water resources for about 16 per cent of its people.

13.  

India's total utilisable water resource is about:

Correct Answer: D [1,122 km³]

Explanation:

NCERT puts India's utilisable water at about 1,122 km³ – 690 km³ surface water plus 432 km³ groundwater.

14.  

Mission Amrit Sarovar aims to:

Correct Answer: B [develop or revive 75 water bodies in each district]

Explanation:

Mission Amrit Sarovar (2022) aims to develop or rejuvenate 75 water bodies in every district.

15.  

The Atal Bhujal Yojana is concerned with:

Correct Answer: A [community management of groundwater]

Explanation:

Atal Bhujal Yojana (2019) promotes community-led management of groundwater in water-stressed areas.

16.  

The Hokera wetland is located in:

Correct Answer: C [Jammu and Kashmir]

Explanation:

Hokera wetland, a Ramsar site, lies in the Kashmir valley in Jammu and Kashmir.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules
2. India joins the Ramsar Convention
3. Mission Amrit Sarovar
4. National Water Policy (latest)

Select the correct answer:

Correct Answer: C [2-4-1-3]

Explanation:

1982, 2012, 2017, 2022.

18.  

The first river link taken up under the national river-linking plan is the:

Correct Answer: A [Ken–Betwa link]

Explanation:

Ken–Betwa is the first link taken up under the National Perspective Plan; its foundation stone was laid in December 2024.

19.  

The Aliyar reservoir is in:

Correct Answer: C [Tamil Nadu]

Explanation:

The Aliyar reservoir lies near Pollachi in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu.

20.  

Loktak Lake is located in:

Correct Answer: B [Manipur]

Explanation:

Loktak, the largest freshwater lake of the north-east, with its phumdis, is in Manipur.

21.  
UPSC Prelims 2023

Consider the following statements :

1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake.
2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake.
3. Meandering of the Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

Correct Answer: A [Only one]

Explanation:

only statement 1.

22.  
UPSC Prelims 2022

Consider the following pairs:

Reservoirs – States

1. Ghataprabha – Telangana
2. Gandhi Sagar – Madhya Pradesh
3. Indira Sagar – Andhra Pradesh
4. Maithon – Chhattisgarh

How many pairs given above are not correctly matched?

Correct Answer: C [Only three pairs]

Explanation:

only Gandhi Sagar is correctly matched.

23.  
UPSC Prelims 2022

Consider the following pairs:

Wetland/Lake – Location

1. Hokera Wetland – Punjab
2. Renuka Wetland – Himachal Pradesh
3. Rudrasagar Lake – Tripura
4. Sasthamkotta Lake – Tamil Nadu

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?

Correct Answer: B [Only two pairs]

Explanation:

Renuka and Rudrasagar.

24.  
UPSC Prelims 2019

What is common to the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati?

Correct Answer: D [Water reservoirs]

Explanation:

Aliyar (Tamil Nadu), Isapur (Maharashtra) and Kangsabati (West Bengal) are all water reservoirs behind dams.

25.  
UPSC Prelims 2018

Which one of the following is an artificial lake?

Correct Answer: A [Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu)]

Explanation:

Kodaikanal Lake was created artificially in 1863; Kolleru, Nainital and Renuka are natural lakes.

26.  
UPSC Prelims 2014

What are the benefits of implementing the 'Integrated Watershed Development Programme'?

1. Prevention of soil runoff
2. Linking the country's perennial rivers with seasonal rivers
3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of groundwater table
4. Regeneration of natural vegetation

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [1, 3 and 4 only]

Explanation:

Watershed programmes check soil run-off, harvest rain to recharge groundwater and regenerate vegetation; they do not link rivers.

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