UPSC World Geography – Chapter 7: Major Manufacturing Industries of the World (20 MCQs)

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UPSC World Geography – Chapter 7: Major Manufacturing Industries of the World (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: Geography. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

Osaka is often called the:

Correct Answer: C [Manchester of Japan]

Explanation:

Osaka's large cotton-textile mills made it Japan's leading textile city, so it is called the 'Manchester of Japan'.

2.  

Since 2018, India's rank among the producers of crude steel in the world has been:

Correct Answer: D [second]

Explanation:

India overtook Japan in 2018 and has stayed second only to China (2025: 164.9 Mt, World Steel Association).

3.  

Wolfsburg in Germany is the home of:

Correct Answer: A [Volkswagen]

Explanation:

Wolfsburg in Lower Saxony grew around the Volkswagen works and is still the company's headquarters.

4.  

Hsinchu in Taiwan is best known for:

Correct Answer: A [semiconductors]

Explanation:

TSMC.

5.  

Airbus aircraft are assembled mainly at:

Correct Answer: C [Toulouse]

Explanation:

Airbus has its headquarters and main final assembly lines at Toulouse in France, using parts from Germany, Spain and the UK.

6.  

The moving assembly line for cars was introduced by Henry Ford in:

Correct Answer: B [1913]

Explanation:

Henry Ford introduced the moving assembly line at Detroit in 1913, five years after the Model T, making mass production possible.

7.  

Ludwigshafen on the Rhine is known for:

Correct Answer: D [chemicals]

Explanation:

BASF.

8.  

Most of the world's ships are built in:

Correct Answer: B [China, South Korea and Japan]

Explanation:

China, South Korea and Japan together build most of the world's ships, with huge yards at places such as Ulsan and Geoje.

9.  

The Multi Fibre Arrangement, which imposed quotas on textile exports, began in:

Correct Answer: A [1974]

Explanation:

The Multi Fibre Arrangement came into force in 1974, setting quotas on textile exports from developing countries.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Modern integrated steel plants are often located at deep-water ports.
2. Pohang in South Korea is a major steel centre.
3. The Ruhr has become the world's largest steel-producing region today.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct: new plants are coastal, like POSCO's Pohang; the Ruhr's steel industry has declined.

11.  

Assertion (A): The textile and garment industry has shifted from Western countries to Asian countries.

Reason (R): The industry needs a large amount of labour, which is cheaper in Asian countries.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true and R explains A: labour-intensive textile production moved to Asia because wages there are lower.

12.  

The Toyota Production System is famous for:

Correct Answer: D ["just-in-time" lean manufacturing]

Explanation:

The Toyota Production System is lean manufacturing in which parts arrive 'just in time' from nearby suppliers.

13.  

The most advanced lithography machines used to make chips are produced by a firm based in:

Correct Answer: A [the Netherlands]

Explanation:

ASML.

14.  

Which of the following steel centres is NOT located on a coast?

Correct Answer: D [Magnitogorsk]

Explanation:

in the southern Urals.

15.  

"Cottonopolis" was the nickname of:

Correct Answer: C [Manchester]

Explanation:

Manchester was the hub of Lancashire's cotton mills during the Industrial Revolution and was nicknamed 'Cottonopolis'.

16.  

Since 2009, the largest producer of motor vehicles in the world has been:

Correct Answer: D [China]

Explanation:

China overtook Japan in 2009 and has been the world's largest producer of motor vehicles ever since.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Ford's moving assembly line
2. End of textile quotas under the WTO
3. Multi Fibre Arrangement begins
4. US CHIPS and Science Act

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [1-3-2-4]

Explanation:

1913, 1974, 2005, 2022.

18.  

Jamnagar in Gujarat is known for:

Correct Answer: D [petroleum refining]

Explanation:

Jamnagar in Gujarat hosts one of the largest petroleum refining complexes in the world.

19.  

Which of the following is a feature of high-technology industries?

Correct Answer: A [Heavy spending on research and highly skilled workers]

Explanation:

High-technology industries spend heavily on research and depend on highly skilled workers and links with universities.

20.  

India's Semicon India Programme was launched in:

Correct Answer: B [2021]

Explanation:

The Semicon India Programme was approved in December 2021 with incentives for semiconductor and display fabs.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U10 · World Geography (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-world-geography

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