UPSC Indian Economy – Chapter 7: Inclusive Growth and the Demographic Dividend (22 MCQs)
UPSC Indian Economy – Chapter 7: Inclusive Growth and the Demographic Dividend (22 MCQs) – 22 questions, subject: Indian Economy. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
Link to this page from your website / blog (HTML code)
The Eleventh Five-Year Plan was titled:
Correct Answer: A [Towards Faster and More Inclusive Growth]
Explanation:
2007–12.
The replacement level of total fertility is about:
Correct Answer: B [2.1]
Explanation:
At a TFR of about 2.1 each generation just replaces itself; the extra 0.1 allows for child deaths and more male births.
According to UNFPA's State of World Population 2025, the share of India's population aged 15–64 is about:
Correct Answer: C [68 per cent]
Explanation:
UNFPA's State of World Population 2025 puts 68 per cent of India's population in the 15–64 working-age group.
The dependency ratio relates:
Correct Answer: D [children and the elderly to the working-age population]
Explanation:
The dependency ratio counts dependants aged 0–14 and 65 and above per 100 persons of working age, 15–64.
If 24 per cent of a population is aged 0–14, 68 per cent is aged 15–64 and 7 per cent is aged 65 and above, the dependency ratio is about:
Correct Answer: B [46]
Explanation:
31 ÷ 68 × 100.
Consider the following statements about Census 2027:
1. It is the 16th Census in the series.
2. Its reference date for most of the country is 00:00 hours on 1 March 2027.
3. It will not enumerate castes.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct Answer: C [1 and 2 only]
Explanation:
caste enumeration is included.
In the demographic transition, which of the following usually happens first?
Correct Answer: D [The death rate falls]
Explanation:
Better food, medicine and sanitation cut death rates first, while birth rates fall only later as families adjust.
Under the Census 2027 schedule, the reference date for Ladakh and the snow-bound areas of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand is:
Correct Answer: C [1 October 2026]
Explanation:
these areas are counted before the winter snow, against a reference date of 00:00 hours on 1 October 2026.
PM-JANMAN is aimed at:
Correct Answer: C [Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups]
Explanation:
Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 2023.
According to NFHS-6 (2023-24), India's total fertility rate is:
Correct Answer: D [2.0]
Explanation:
NFHS-6 (2023-24), released on 29 May 2026, put India's TFR at 2.0, unchanged from NFHS-5 and below replacement.
Population may continue to grow for some decades even after the TFR falls below replacement because of:
Correct Answer: C [population momentum]
Explanation:
many young people are still entering child-bearing ages.
NITI Aayog's Aspirational Districts Programme (January 2018) covers how many lagging districts?
Correct Answer: D [112]
Explanation:
It seeks rapid improvement of 112 lagging districts in health, education, agriculture, finance and infrastructure.
Which of the following is the best description of inclusive growth?
Correct Answer: C [Broad-based growth that creates productive jobs and whose gains are shared across groups and regions]
Explanation:
Inclusive growth is broad-based, creates productive jobs and lets the poor, women, social groups and lagging regions share the gains.
The Inequality-adjusted HDI for India in the Human Development Report 2025 shows a loss due to inequality of about:
Correct Answer: D [30.7 per cent]
Explanation:
UNDP's Human Development Report 2025 states that inequality reduces India's HDI value by 30.7 per cent.
Under NFHS-6, under-five stunting in India was about:
Correct Answer: A [29.3 per cent]
Explanation:
down from 35.5 per cent.
Assertion (A): Southern States such as Tamil Nadu will face population ageing earlier than many northern States.
Reason (R): Southern States reached replacement-level fertility earlier.
Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]
Explanation:
earlier fertility decline means earlier ageing.
Which of the following help India reap its demographic dividend?
1. Skill development
2. Better nutrition and health
3. Higher female labour-force participation
Select the correct answer:
Correct Answer: B [1, 2 and 3]
Explanation:
Skills, better health and nutrition, and more women at work all raise the productivity and employment of the working-age population.
The legal basis for the Census in India is:
Correct Answer: B [the Census Act, 1948]
Explanation:
The Census is conducted under the Census Act, 1948, by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Home Ministry.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
1. Aspirational Districts Programme
2. Eleventh Five-Year Plan begins
3. National Population Policy
4. Aspirational Blocks Programme
Correct Answer: D [3-2-1-4]
Explanation:
2000, 2007, 2018, 2023.
A demographic dividend arises mainly when:
Correct Answer: B [the share of the working-age population rises relative to dependants]
Explanation:
A dividend arises when the working-age share rises and the dependency ratio falls, raising labour supply, saving and investment.
The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:
Correct Answer: D [the average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing age.]
Explanation:
TFR is the average number of live births a woman would have over her child-bearing years at current age-specific fertility rates.
To obtain the full benefits of demographic dividend, what should India do?
Correct Answer: A [Promoting skill development]
Explanation:
skills turn a young workforce into productive workers.
➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U15 · Indian Economy (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-indian-economy
TNPSC பொதுத்தமிழ் | 8th பழைய தமிழ் புத்தகம் | General Tamil MCQ | Group 4
TNPSC குரூப் 1, 2/2A, 4 – நேரடி வகுப்புகள் · கோவை & மதுரை
2006 முதல் சண்முகம் IAS அகாடமி · Classroom & online coaching in Coimbatore and Madurai
