UPSC Social Justice – Chapter 7: Children – Rights, Protection and Development (21 MCQs)
UPSC Social Justice – Chapter 7: Children – Rights, Protection and Development (21 MCQs) – 21 questions, subject: Social Justice. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.
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India ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in:
Correct Answer: A [1992]
Explanation:
India acceded to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted in 1989, in December 1992.
ILO Convention No. 182 deals with:
Correct Answer: B [worst forms of child labour]
Explanation:
ILO Convention No. 182 (1999) calls for prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, such as slavery and trafficking.
Under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015, which children may be tried as adults for heinous offences?
Correct Answer: C [Children of 16 to 18, after a preliminary assessment]
Explanation:
The JJ Act 2015 lets the Board send a child of 16–18 accused of a heinous offence for trial as an adult after preliminary assessment.
The NCPCR was set up under the:
Correct Answer: B [Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005]
Explanation:
The NCPCR was set up in March 2007 under the Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005.
ICDS was launched on:
Correct Answer: A [2 October 1975]
Explanation:
ICDS was launched on 2 October 1975, Gandhi Jayanti, to run anganwadi services for young children and mothers.
A child found abandoned is produced before the:
Correct Answer: D [Child Welfare Committee]
Explanation:
An abandoned child is a child in need of care and protection, so the JJ Act requires production before the Child Welfare Committee.
After the 2016 amendment, adolescents are defined as persons aged:
Correct Answer: C [14 to 18]
Explanation:
The 2016 amendment defines an adolescent as a person who has completed 14 but not 18 years of age.
Article 45, as substituted in 2002, deals with:
Correct Answer: A [early childhood care and education until age six]
Explanation:
The 86th Amendment, 2002 substituted Article 45 to direct early childhood care and education for all children until six years.
The body that regulates in-country and inter-country adoption is:
Correct Answer: C [CARA]
Explanation:
CARA, a statutory body under the JJ Act 2015, regulates in-country and inter-country adoption in India.
Consider the following statements:
1. The POCSO Act is gender-neutral.
2. Under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, a child marriage is voidable at the option of the child.
3. The Child Labour Amendment of 2016 allows children under 14 to work in non-hazardous factories.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]
Explanation:
POCSO is gender-neutral and the 2006 Act makes child marriage voidable by the child; statement 3 is false as work under 14 is banned.
Assertion (A): In Independent Thought (2017), the Supreme Court held that sex with a wife aged 15–18 is rape.
Reason (R): The exception for marital sex in the rape law conflicted with the POCSO Act and the rights of the girl child.
Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]
Explanation:
The Court read down the marital exception for wives of 15–18 because it clashed with POCSO and the girl child's rights, so R explains A.
The JJ (Amendment) Act, 2021 gave the power to issue adoption orders to:
Correct Answer: A [District Magistrates]
Explanation:
The JJ (Amendment) Act, 2021 empowered District Magistrates, including Additional DMs, to issue adoption orders.
Which scheme covers child protection services from 2021–22?
Correct Answer: B [Mission Vatsalya]
Explanation:
Mission Vatsalya, from 2021–22, is the umbrella scheme for child protection services, absorbing the earlier Integrated Child Protection Scheme.
The 2019 amendment to POCSO introduced:
Correct Answer: C [death penalty for aggravated penetrative sexual assault]
Explanation:
The POCSO (Amendment) Act, 2019 raised punishments and allowed the death penalty for aggravated penetrative sexual assault.
Which Article bars employment of children below 14 in factories and mines?
Correct Answer: D [Article 24]
Explanation:
Article 24 forbids employing any child below 14 in a factory, mine or other hazardous employment.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
1. POCSO Act
2. ICDS
3. Juvenile Justice Act (current)
4. India's ratification of the UNCRC
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer: C [2-4-1-3]
Explanation:
1975, 1992, 2012, 2015.
The minimum age of marriage for men under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 is:
Correct Answer: D [21]
Explanation:
The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 treats a male below 21 as a child, so 21 is the minimum age for men.
PM CARES for Children supports children who:
Correct Answer: B [lost their parents to COVID-19]
Explanation:
PM CARES for Children, launched in May 2021, supports children who lost both parents or their surviving parent to COVID-19.
The four groups of rights in the UNCRC are survival, development, protection and:
Correct Answer: D [participation]
Explanation:
UNCRC rights are commonly grouped as survival, development, protection and participation; participation covers the child's right to be heard.
The Supreme Court's 1996 judgment on child labour in Sivakasi is:
Correct Answer: C [M. C. Mehta v. State of Tamil Nadu]
Explanation:
In M. C. Mehta v. State of Tamil Nadu (1996) the Court ordered ₹20,000 per child into a welfare fund over Sivakasi child labour.
International Labour Organization's Conventions 138 and 182 are related to:
Correct Answer: A [Child Labour]
Explanation:
Convention 138 sets the minimum age for work and Convention 182 bans the worst forms of child labour; India ratified both in 2017.
➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U13 · Social Justice (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-social-justice
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