UPSC Internal Security – Chapter 2: Development and the Spread of Extremism (20 MCQs)

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UPSC Internal Security – Chapter 2: Development and the Spread of Extremism (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: Internal Security. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The theory that violence grows from the gap between what people expect and what they get is called:

Correct Answer: B [relative deprivation]

Explanation:

Ted Gurr, Why Men Rebel (1970).

2.  

The PESA Act, 1996 applies to:

Correct Answer: B [Fifth Schedule areas]

Explanation:

PESA extends the Part IX panchayat provisions, with special Gram Sabha powers, to the Fifth Schedule areas of the States.

3.  

In which year was the Forest Rights Act enacted?

Correct Answer: C [2006]

Explanation:

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act was passed in 2006.

4.  

The Planning Commission's expert group on "Development Challenges in Extremist Affected Areas" (2008) was chaired by:

Correct Answer: D [D. Bandyopadhyay]

Explanation:

D. Bandyopadhyay chaired the Planning Commission's expert group whose 2008 report linked land alienation, displacement and denial of forest rights to Naxalism.

5.  

In the Samatha judgment (1997), the Supreme Court held that:

Correct Answer: B [land in Scheduled Areas could not be leased to private parties for mining]

Explanation:

Samatha (1997) held that Scheduled Area land could not be leased to private, non-tribal parties for mining, protecting tribal land.

6.  

The Supreme Court judgment that held the Salwa Judum's armed Special Police Officers unconstitutional is:

Correct Answer: A [Nandini Sundar v. State of Chhattisgarh]

Explanation:

2011.

7.  

Eklavya Model Residential Schools, used to improve schooling in remote tribal and extremism-affected areas, are run under the Ministry of:

Correct Answer: C [Tribal Affairs]

Explanation:

EMRS is a Central Sector Scheme of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, run through NESTS.

8.  

Under India's 'security plus development' approach to Left Wing Extremism, the Special Central Assistance scheme of the Ministry of Home Affairs mainly provides funds to:

Correct Answer: B [fill critical gaps in public infrastructure and services in the districts worst hit by LWE]

Explanation:

since 2017 SCA has filled critical infrastructure and development gaps in LWE-hit districts, now the 38 legacy and thrust districts.

9.  

Which law requires a social impact assessment and the consent of affected families for many land acquisitions?

Correct Answer: B [Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013]

Explanation:

The LARR Act, 2013 requires a social impact assessment and the consent of affected families for private and public–private partnership acquisitions.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Under PESA, Gram Sabhas have powers over minor forest produce.
2. The Forest Rights Act recognises community forest rights.
3. The Sixth Schedule applies to tribal areas of Odisha and Jharkhand.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct; statement 3 is not, as the Sixth Schedule covers Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram only.

11.  

Assertion (A): Large mining and dam projects in tribal areas have sometimes increased support for extremist groups.

Reason (R): Displacement without fair compensation and consent creates a sense of injustice.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true and R explains A: unfair displacement breeds a sense of injustice that extremist groups exploit to win support.

12.  

"Development deficit" as a cause of extremism refers to:

Correct Answer: B [the absence of roads, schools, health care and government services]

Explanation:

Development deficit means missing roads, schools, health care and government services, leaving a vacuum that armed groups fill.

13.  

For mining leases granted through auction on or after 12 January 2015, the lease holder pays to the District Mineral Foundation an amount equal to what share of the royalty?

Correct Answer: C [10 per cent]

Explanation:

Leases granted on or after 12 January 2015, such as auctioned leases, pay 10 per cent of royalty to the DMF.

14.  

Which region of central India is a dense forest belt long associated with Maoist activity?

Correct Answer: D [Dandakaranya]

Explanation:

Dandakaranya, the forest belt of central India centred on Chhattisgarh's Bastar region, has long been the main Maoist stronghold.

15.  

Which international body published an independent appraisal that praised the results of India's Aspirational Districts Programme?

Correct Answer: A [United Nations Development Programme]

Explanation:

UNDP India released an independent appraisal (2021) calling the ADP a successful model of local development.

16.  

Ted Robert Gurr's book on the causes of political violence is:

Correct Answer: A [Why Men Rebel]

Explanation:

Ted Robert Gurr's Why Men Rebel (1970) explained political violence through relative deprivation – the gap between expectations and achievements.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Aspirational Districts Programme
2. PESA Act
3. Salwa Judum judgment (Nandini Sundar)
4. Forest Rights Act

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [2-4-3-1]

Explanation:

1996, 2006, 2011, 2018.

18.  

Under the Forest Rights Act, the process of determining claims is started by the:

Correct Answer: D [Gram Sabha]

Explanation:

Under the Forest Rights Act the Gram Sabha initiates the process, receiving and verifying claims before passing them to higher committees.

19.  

India's overall strategy against development-linked extremism is best described as:

Correct Answer: C [security plus development, with rights and trust-building]

Explanation:

India combines security operations with development, rights and trust-building, because development needs security and security needs development to last.

20.  

Which body funds local development from mining revenue in mining-affected districts?

Correct Answer: D [District Mineral Foundation]

Explanation:

District Mineral Foundations, set up under the 2015 amendment to the MMDR Act, use miners' contributions for mining-affected people and areas.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U20 · Internal Security (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-internal-security

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