UPSC Governance – Chapter 9: Anti-corruption Laws and Institutions (20 MCQs)

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UPSC Governance – Chapter 9: Anti-corruption Laws and Institutions (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: Governance. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The Central Bureau of Investigation derives its powers from the:

Correct Answer: C [Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946]

Explanation:

The CBI functions under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946; there is no separate CBI Act.

2.  

The 2018 amendment to the Prevention of Corruption Act made which of the following a specific offence?

Correct Answer: A [Giving a bribe]

Explanation:

The 2018 amendment inserted a specific offence of giving or promising an undue advantage to a public servant.

3.  

Section 17A of the Prevention of Corruption Act deals with:

Correct Answer: D [prior approval for inquiry into decisions taken in official functions]

Explanation:

Section 17A, added in 2018, requires prior approval before inquiring into decisions or recommendations made in official functions.

4.  

The Prevention of Money Laundering Act is enforced mainly by the:

Correct Answer: C [Enforcement Directorate]

Explanation:

The Enforcement Directorate investigates money-laundering offences and attaches proceeds of crime under the PMLA, 2002.

5.  

Under the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018, the offence must involve at least:

Correct Answer: A [₹100 crore]

Explanation:

The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act applies where the value involved in the scheduled offences is ₹100 crore or more.

6.  

In which case did the Supreme Court strike down the "Single Directive" requiring prior permission to probe senior officers?

Correct Answer: B [Vineet Narain]

Explanation:

Vineet Narain v. Union of India (1997) struck down the Single Directive and ordered statutory status for the CVC.

7.  

Section 6A of the DSPE Act, struck down by the Supreme Court in 2014, required:

Correct Answer: B [prior approval to investigate officers of Joint Secretary level and above]

Explanation:

Section 6A required prior Central approval to probe officers of Joint Secretary level and above; struck down in Subramanian Swamy (2014).

8.  

India ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption in:

Correct Answer: D [2011]

Explanation:

India ratified the UN Convention against Corruption in May 2011, eight years after the UN adopted it in 2003.

9.  

Under the PIDPI Resolution, 2004, complaints from whistle-blowers are received by the:

Correct Answer: B [Central Vigilance Commission]

Explanation:

The PIDPI Resolution, 2004 designated the Central Vigilance Commission to receive and act on whistle-blower complaints.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. The CBI needs the consent of a State government to investigate in that State.
2. Commercial organisations can be held liable for bribery under the amended PC Act.
3. The Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014 has been fully in force since 2015.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 2 only]

Explanation:

State consent under DSPE Section 6 and corporate liability under the 2018 amendment are correct; the 2014 Act is not in force.

11.  

Assertion (A): Wide discretion and lack of accountability encourage corruption.

Reason (R): Where officials have monopoly power over a decision without being answerable, they can demand rents.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true, and monopoly power without answerability is exactly what lets officials extract rents, explaining A.

12.  

Sanction for prosecution of a serving public servant is required under:

Correct Answer: C [Section 19 of the PC Act]

Explanation:

Section 19 bars a court from taking cognisance against a public servant without prior sanction from the competent authority.

13.  

The Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Act was passed in:

Correct Answer: D [2016]

Explanation:

The Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Act, 2016 overhauled the 1988 Act with confiscation and an adjudicating authority.

14.  

In Vijay Madanlal Choudhary v. Union of India (2022), the Supreme Court:

Correct Answer: B [upheld the main provisions of the PMLA]

Explanation:

In July 2022 the Court upheld the PMLA's core provisions, including ED arrest powers and the reverse burden of proof.

15.  

The formula "Corruption = Monopoly + Discretion – Accountability" is associated with:

Correct Answer: D [Robert Klitgaard]

Explanation:

Robert Klitgaard's formula states that corruption equals monopoly plus discretion minus accountability.

16.  

Under the Prevention of Corruption Act as amended in 2018, a person who is compelled to give an undue advantage to a public servant is not liable for the bribe-giving offence if he or she reports the matter to the law enforcement authority or investigating agency within:

Correct Answer: B [seven days]

Explanation:

the provisos to Section 8(1) protect a compelled bribe-giver who reports within seven days of giving the undue advantage.

17.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Prevention of Corruption Act
2. Delhi Special Police Establishment Act
3. Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act
4. Vineet Narain judgment

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [2-1-4-3]

Explanation:

1946, 1988, 1997, 2013.

18.  

Under the PC Act as amended in 2018, the minimum punishment for taking a bribe is:

Correct Answer: A [three years]

Explanation:

Since the Lokpal Act amendment of 2014, retained in 2018, bribe-taking carries three to seven years' imprisonment.

19.  

The murder of which official in 2003 led to the PIDPI Resolution for whistle-blowers?

Correct Answer: D [Satyendra Dubey]

Explanation:

NHAI engineer Satyendra Dubey was murdered in 2003 after exposing corruption; the PIDPI Resolution followed in 2004.

20.  

The Central Vigilance Commission became a statutory body under the:

Correct Answer: B [Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003]

Explanation:

it had been set up by a resolution in 1964.

➤ Full notes, maps, tables, a reason for every option and Mains PYQs – U12 · Governance (UPSC book, ₹249): www.shanmugamiasacademy.in/study-materials/upsc-governance

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