UPSC Mains Answer Writing – Chapter 14: Economy and Agriculture (20 MCQs)

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UPSC Mains Answer Writing – Chapter 14: Economy and Agriculture (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: Mains Answer Writing. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

In the five-step frame for an "Examine the reasons for…" economy question, the first step is:

Correct Answer: C [concept]

Explanation:

The frame runs Concept – Data – Causes – Measures – Reform, so the answer first defines the concept and its scope.

2.  

India's Economic Census counts:

Correct Answer: B [farm and non-farm establishments other than crop production, plantation, public administration and defence, including very small, unregistered ones]

Explanation:

It covers all establishments except crop production, plantation, public administration, defence and compulsory social security, including tiny unregistered units.

3.  

The India Employment Report 2024 was brought out by the ILO together with:

Correct Answer: C [the Institute for Human Development]

Explanation:

The ILO and the Delhi-based Institute for Human Development prepared it.

4.  

Udyam registration is meant for:

Correct Answer: D [micro, small and medium enterprises]

Explanation:

Udyam, launched on 1 July 2020, is the online registration system for micro, small and medium enterprises.

5.  

In the farm value-chain sweep, storage and processing belong to:

Correct Answer: D [post-harvest]

Explanation:

Storage and processing come after the crop is harvested, so they form the post-harvest stage of the chain.

6.  

Producer companies were allowed by an amendment to the Companies Act, 1956, in:

Correct Answer: B [2002]

Explanation:

The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2002 added a Part on producer companies to the Companies Act, 1956.

7.  

A question on a sector such as industry, services or infrastructure is best framed as:

Correct Answer: C [status – contribution – constraints – policy – outlook]

Explanation:

A sector is described by its status, contribution, constraints, policy and outlook.

8.  

"Scheme + one success + one gap" helps because "evaluate" asks for:

Correct Answer: D [judgement]

Explanation:

To evaluate is to judge worth, so the answer must weigh what a scheme achieved against its gaps.

9.  

The ILO employment mission report on Kenya is known for:

Correct Answer: A [helping bring the term 'informal sector' into policy use]

Explanation:

The Kenya mission report gave the 'informal sector' a working meaning that entered policy use.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Every figure in an economy answer should carry its source and year.
2. Listing many schemes is enough for an "evaluate" question.
3. Reforms should name who must act.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 3 are sound practice; statement 2 is false because evaluation needs judgement, not a list.

11.  

Assertion (A): A farm reform in an answer should often name the State government as an actor.

Reason (R): Agriculture is largely a State subject in India.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Agriculture is Entry 14 of the State List, so many farm reforms need State action – R explains A.

12.  

The 15th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (1993) is known for:

Correct Answer: C [a statistical definition of the informal sector]

Explanation:

The 15th ICLS (1993) adopted the international statistical definition of employment in the informal sector.

13.  

ILO Recommendation No. 204 (2015) deals with:

Correct Answer: B [the transition from the informal to the formal economy]

Explanation:

Recommendation No. 204, adopted in 2015, guides member States on moving workers and units from the informal to the formal economy.

14.  

Hernando de Soto's The Other Path argued that:

Correct Answer: D [red tape keeps the poor in informal business]

Explanation:

Studying Lima, de Soto showed that costly, slow legal procedures pushed the poor into informal business.

15.  

India's Economic Census was first held in:

Correct Answer: C [1977]

Explanation:

The first Economic Census was conducted in 1977, covering non-agricultural establishments.

16.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. ILO employment mission report on Kenya
2. ILO Recommendation No. 204
3. 15th International Conference of Labour Statisticians
4. Hernando de Soto's The Other Path

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [1-4-3-2]

Explanation:

1972, 1986, 1993, 2015.

17.  

When the causes of informality are sorted into structural and policy causes, an example of a policy cause is:

Correct Answer: A [compliance costs]

Explanation:

Compliance costs arise from laws, returns and inspections – a policy choice, unlike firm size or skills.

18.  

A strong point on a scheme:

Correct Answer: A [names its year and one gap]

Explanation:

Naming the year and one gap dates the scheme and shows judgement, not mere description.

19.  

"I-F-S-M-I" stands for:

Correct Answer: B [Input, Field, Store, Market, Income]

Explanation:

I-F-S-M-I traces the farm value chain: Input, Field, Store, Market, Income.

20.  

An answer on farm distress that moves from production to storage, processing and marketing is using the:

Correct Answer: D [value-chain approach]

Explanation:

Moving from production to storage, processing and marketing follows the stages of the value chain.

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