UPSC Mains Answer Writing – Chapter 17: Ethics – Theory (20 MCQs)

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UPSC Mains Answer Writing – Chapter 17: Ethics – Theory (20 MCQs) – 20 questions, subject: Mains Answer Writing. Every question has the correct answer with a one-line explanation; tap "Show Answer". Free practice for TNPSC, UPSC, SSC, Bank and RRB exams – Shanmugam IAS Academy, Coimbatore.

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1.  

The first step of a concept answer in ethics is to:

Correct Answer: D [define the concept]

Explanation:

A concept answer starts with a precise definition, then explanation, example and a link to civil service.

2.  

Moral courage differs from physical courage because the risk is mainly to:

Correct Answer: B [career, position or reputation]

Explanation:

Moral courage means doing right despite risk to one's career, position or reputation, not to the body.

3.  

Lal Bahadur Shastri's resignation as Railway Minister was accepted after a train accident at:

Correct Answer: A [Ariyalur]

Explanation:

After the Ariyalur accident of 23 November 1956 Nehru accepted Shastri's resignation, having refused his earlier offer after Mahbubnagar.

4.  

"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere" comes from:

Correct Answer: D [the Letter from Birmingham Jail]

Explanation:

King wrote the line in his Letter from Birmingham Jail, answering clergymen who called him an outsider.

5.  

King's Letter from Birmingham Jail was written in:

Correct Answer: A [1963]

Explanation:

King wrote the letter on 16 April 1963 while jailed during the Birmingham campaign.

6.  

UNESCO's Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights was adopted in:

Correct Answer: A [2005]

Explanation:

UNESCO's General Conference adopted it on 19 October 2005.

7.  

In "M-C-E-L-R", "L" stands for:

Correct Answer: D [limit]

Explanation:

M-C-E-L-R stands for Meaning, Context, Example, Limit, Relevance, so L is the limit.

8.  

"Replace 'should' with 'does'" helps the candidate to:

Correct Answer: B [show the value instead of preaching]

Explanation:

Describing what an honest officer does shows the value in action instead of preaching with 'should' sentences.

9.  

A distinction answer should name the:

Correct Answer: C [basis of each difference]

Explanation:

Name the basis of each difference, such as source, scope or sanction.

10.  

Consider the following statements:

1. Every value in an ethics answer should be shown with an example.
2. A memorised dictionary definition is better than one's own words.
3. One line on an institution that protects the value adds depth.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 3 are sound practice; statement 2 is wrong because one's own words show understanding.

11.  

Assertion (A): A quotation answer should say where the idea stops applying.

Reason (R): Showing where an idea stops applying shows balance and judgement.

Correct Answer: A [Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A]

Explanation:

Both are true and R explains A: a limit is stated because it shows balance.

12.  

The Nuremberg Code (1947) made essential:

Correct Answer: C [voluntary consent]

Explanation:

The Nuremberg Code's first principle states that the voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential.

13.  

The Declaration of Helsinki (1964) was adopted by the:

Correct Answer: D [World Medical Association]

Explanation:

The World Medical Association adopted the Declaration of Helsinki in 1964 and has amended it several times since.

14.  

The Belmont Report (1979) named the principles of respect for persons, justice and:

Correct Answer: A [beneficence]

Explanation:

The Belmont Report named three principles: respect for persons, beneficence and justice.

15.  

ICMR's National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research were issued in:

Correct Answer: C [2017]

Explanation:

ICMR issued its National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research Involving Human Participants in 2017.

16.  

Arrange the following in chronological order:

1. Declaration of Helsinki
2. UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights
3. Belmont Report
4. Nuremberg Code

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer: C [4-1-3-2]

Explanation:

1947, 1964, 1979, 2005.

17.  

"Relevance of Vivekananda's idea of service" needs the frame:

Correct Answer: D [core idea – application – limits]

Explanation:

A thinker question uses the frame core idea – application – limits.

18.  

A strong example of integrity:

Correct Answer: D [a tahsildar refuses a gift from a contractor with a pending bill]

Explanation:

A concrete act – refusing a gift from a contractor with a pending bill – shows integrity in action.

19.  

"D-E-E-L" stands for:

Correct Answer: C [Define, Explain, Example, Link]

Explanation:

D-E-E-L stands for Define, Explain, Example, Link – the four steps of a concept answer.

20.  

A question such as 'Why is objectivity important for a civil servant?' is best framed as:

Correct Answer: B [define – role – threats – how to build it]

Explanation:

A value-in-action question defines the value, shows its role, its threats and how to build it.

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